Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explain the influence of Social Capital and Employee Personal Value on Job Performance with Organizational Citizenship Behavior as an intervening variable that in private hospital in West Jakarta. This research fills in the gap of previous fact-finding by investigating Social Capital and Employee Personal Value as a whole influencing variable which is mediated by Organizational Citizenship Behaviour toward Job Performance in private hospitals Indonesia. This work has a quantitative approach, offering a cross-sectional survey with 200 participants who were recruited by using the purposive sampling method (online questionnaires). Four established theoretical constructs were measured using a modified on five-point Likert scale making them suitable for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The findings suggest that all measurements indices are valid and reliable, and the full structural model has an acceptable fit. The results reveal that the Social Capital and Employee Personal Value have a positive and significant (p < 0.05) impact on both the OCB and Job Performance. Furthermore, Job Performance is enhanced by Organizational Citizenship Behavior as a mediator among Social Capital, Employee Personal Value and performance. These findings imply that in a working context with high trust psychological work contract and good mutual social network, warm personal worth attributes can facilitate extra-role behavior for superior performance. Practical implications:This study emphasizes the need to develop integration among chain of command, stronger implementation on positive employ values and supportive organizational culture in private hospital context.
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References
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- Ahmad, B., Iqbal, S., Hai, M., & Latif, S. (2022). The interplay of personal values, relational mobile usage and organizational citizenship behavior. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 19(2), 260–280. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-01-2021-0016
- Arieli, S., Sagiv, L., & Roccas, S. (2020). Values at Work: The Impact of Personal Values in Organisations. In Applied Psychology (Vol. 69, Issue 2, pp. 230–275). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12181
- Banadinović, M., Marelić, M., Vočanec, D., & Džakula, A. (2025). Social Capital in Care for Complex Patients: A Pilot Study to Develop an Instrument for Measuring the Impact of Social Capital in Healthcare in Croatia. Healthcare (Switzerland), 13(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13131570
- Bhargava, S., & Pradhan, H. (2017). Work Value Congruence and Job Performance: Buffering Role of Leader Member Exchange and Core Self Evaluation. Asian Social Science, 13(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n1p98
- Cao, Q., Chen, C. F., Hu, H. L., & Hsiao, Y. C. (2025). Social Capital and Job Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Psychological Capital. Behavioral Sciences, 15(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15060714
- Clausen, T., Meng, A., & Borg, V. (2019). Does Social Capital in the Workplace Predict Job Performance, Work Engagement, and Psychological Well-Being? A Prospective Analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61(10), 800–805. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001672
- Duong, T. N., & Phan, T. A. (2024). Personal values and employee engagement: a study in Vietnam. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2297808
- Emilisa, N., Yudhaputri, E., & Febriani, K. (2022, January 21). The Relationship of Tourism Involvement and Servant Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Service Industries: the Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment. Proocedings of the First Lekantara Annual Coference on Public Administration, Literatur, Social Science, Humanities, and Eduaction (LePALISSHE 2021). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-8-2021.2315093
- Fujikawa, H., Aoki, T., & Eto, M. (2024). Associations between workplace social capital, well-being, and work engagement in medical residents: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06055-0
- Gao, Z., Chee, C. S., Omar Dev, R. D., Liu, Y., Gao, J., Li, R., Li, F., Liu, X., & Wang, T. (2025). Social capital and physical activity: a literature review up to March 2024. In Frontiers in Public Health (Vol. 13). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1467571
- Herliyanti, R. P., Kurniawan, I. S., & Lysander, M. A. S. (2025). The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Knowledge Management, and Work Environment on Employee Performance in Manufacturing Firms. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i1.965
- İlhan, E., Eroğlu, U., & Toygür Eroğlu, D. (2022). Investigation of The Effect of Person Values and Personals Traits as Mediator Variables on Job Satisfaction and Sales Performance. Journal of Administrative Sciences Cilt, 47, 146–168. https://doi.org/10.35408/comuybd
- Ionescu, C. G., Ciuperca, E. M., Cotel, A., & Licu, M. (2024). Personal values clusters and their associations to social media behaviors and psychological well-being. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02046-4
- Iqbal, M. B., Li, J., Yang, S., & Sindhu, P. (2022). Value-driven career attitude and job performance: An intermediary role of organizational citizenship behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1038832
- Jafari, M., Ghasemyani, S., Sadeghifar, J., Shams, L., & Naderimanesh, K. (2020). Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Capital: Survey from Hospital Setting. Hospital Topics, 98(3), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/00185868.2020.1784813
- Knardahl, S., & Christensen, J. O. (2024). Individual work-motive values: determinants and consequences for the appraisal of specific health-related work characteristics. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332687
- Ko, S. H., Choi, Y., Rhee, S. Y., & Moon, T. W. (2018). Social capital and organizational citizenship behavior: Double-mediation of emotional regulation and job engagement. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103600
- Krijgsheld, M., Tummers, L. G., & Scheepers, F. E. (2022). Job performance in healthcare: a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-07357-5
- Lee, M. C. C., Lin, M. H., Srinivasan, P. M., & Carr, S. C. (2024). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: new mediating roles for trustworthiness and trust in team leaders. Current Psychology, 43(11), 9567–9582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05095-x
- Luthfiyana, D. A., Widowati, R., & Surwanti, A. (2024). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance. Asian Journal of Management Analytics, 3(2), 283–298. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajma.v3i2.8489
- Meng, A., Clausen, T., & Borg, V. (2018). The association between team-level social capital and individual-level work engagement: Differences between subtypes of social capital and the impact of intra-team agreement. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(2), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12435
- Nuhu, M. S., Kamselem, K. M., Mustapha, M., & Abdullahi, M. S. (2025). Personal value, employee impact and service quality delivery: the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 17(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-06-2023-0081
- Priatna, S. F., Emilisa, N., & Khairana, S. (2024). Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Pada Karyawan Mandiri University Group. Solusi : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi, 22(4), 428–448. https://doi.org/10.26623/slsi.v22i4.9592
- Purc, E., & Lagun, M. (2019). Personal values and innovative behavior of employees. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00865
- Putra, D. B., Emilisa, N., & Baliartati, B. O. (2024). Pengaruh Authentic Leadership, Information Management, Organizational Identification dan Knowledge Management terhadap Job Performance pada PT. Hino di Jakarta Timur dan Jawa Timur. BUDGETING : Journal of Business, Management and Accounting, 5(2), 676–695. https://doi.org/10.31539/budgeting.v5i2.9252
- Rajabi, S., & Hasanzadehtabrizi, M. (2025). Social and psychological capital’s impact on employee performance at Kerman university of medical sciences. Discover Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44202-025-00377-w
- Reig-Botella, A., Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Fernández-Del Río, E., & Clemente, M. (2024). Don’t Curb Your Enthusiasm! The Role of Work Engagement in Predicting Job Performance. Revista de Psicologia Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 40(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.5093/jwop2024a5
- Romadhania, N., Emilisa, N., & Pujiati, D. (2023). Pengaruh Green Human Resource Management Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Pada Karyawan Hotel Mercure Di Jakarta. Journal of Applied Management and Accounting Science, 4(2), 153–162. http://jamas.triatmamulya.ac.id/
- Roos, M., Reale, J., & Banning, F. (2022). A value-based model of job performance. PLoS ONE, 17(1 January). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262430
- Saidin, K., Wan, P., & Halim, W. F. S. W. A. (2024). A Synthesis Towards the Construct of Job Performance: Dimensions and Theoretical Approaches. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 5764–5776. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00425
- Santos, R. S., Lousã, E. P., Sá, M. M., & Cordeiro, J. A. (2023). First, Be a Good Citizen: Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Well-Being at Work and the Moderating Role of Leadership Styles. Behavioral Sciences, 13(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13100811
- Saraniemi, S., Harrikari, T., Fiorentino, V., Romakkaniemi, M., & Tiitinen, L. (2022). Silenced Coffee Rooms—The Changes in Social Capital within Social Workers’ Work Communities during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Challenges, 13(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe13010008
- Styvans Dion, D., Emilisa, N., Laddyana Citra, F., Studi Manajemen, P., & Trisakti Jakarta, U. (2022). Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi (SIMO) Pengaruh Knowledge Hiding, Psychological Distress, Psychological Stress terhadap Job Performance Pegawai RSJ (The Influence of Knowledge Hiding, Psychological Distress, Psychological Stress on Job Performance of RSJ Employees). Studi Ilmu Manajemen Dan Organisasi (SIMO), 3(2), 287–301. https://doi.org/10.35912/simo.v3i2.1296
- Suryadi, Y., Tule, P., & Sia Niha, S. (2023). Analysis of Factors Influencing the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Employees at SMK Santo Aloisius of Ruteng with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable. European Business & Management. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20230904.12
- Vainieri, M., Ferrè, F., Giacomelli, G., & Nuti, S. (2019). Explaining performance in health care: How and when top management competencies make the difference. Health Care Management Review, 44(4), 306–317. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000164
- Vuong, B. N., Hieu, V. T., Lien, L. T. P., & Huyen, N. T. T. (2024). How Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Promote Job Performance: Evidence The Aviation Industry. Business: Theory and Practice, 25(2), 458–467. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2024.18543
- Widarko, A., & Anwarodin, M. K. (2022). Work Motivation and Organizational Culture on Work Performance: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as Mediating Variable. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(2), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v2i2.207
- Xu, Q., Hou, Z., Zhang, C., Yu, F., Guan, J., & Liu, X. (2022). Human capital, social capital, psychological capital, and job performance: Based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938875
- Yang, C., Chen, Y., Chen, A., & Ahmed, S. J. (2023). The integrated effects of leader–member exchange social comparison on job performance and OCB in the Chinese context. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1094509
- Yang, Y., Obrenovic, B., Kamotho, D. W., Godinic, D., & Ostic, D. (2024). Enhancing Job Performance: The Critical Roles of Well-Being, Satisfaction, and Trust in Supervisor. Behavioral Sciences, 14(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080688
- Zhou, J., Soo, H. S., & Aziz, A. B. (2024). From Research to Insights: A Review of Literature on Personal Values, Work-Life Balance, and Job Fit in Understanding Turnover Intentions. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 13(5), 111.
References
Abbasi-Moghaddam, M. A., Zarei, E., Bagherzadeh, R., Dargahi, H., & Farrokhi, P. (2019). Evaluation of service quality from patients’ viewpoint. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-3998-0
Ahmad, B., Iqbal, S., Hai, M., & Latif, S. (2022). The interplay of personal values, relational mobile usage and organizational citizenship behavior. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 19(2), 260–280. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-01-2021-0016
Arieli, S., Sagiv, L., & Roccas, S. (2020). Values at Work: The Impact of Personal Values in Organisations. In Applied Psychology (Vol. 69, Issue 2, pp. 230–275). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12181
Banadinović, M., Marelić, M., Vočanec, D., & Džakula, A. (2025). Social Capital in Care for Complex Patients: A Pilot Study to Develop an Instrument for Measuring the Impact of Social Capital in Healthcare in Croatia. Healthcare (Switzerland), 13(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13131570
Bhargava, S., & Pradhan, H. (2017). Work Value Congruence and Job Performance: Buffering Role of Leader Member Exchange and Core Self Evaluation. Asian Social Science, 13(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n1p98
Cao, Q., Chen, C. F., Hu, H. L., & Hsiao, Y. C. (2025). Social Capital and Job Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Psychological Capital. Behavioral Sciences, 15(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15060714
Clausen, T., Meng, A., & Borg, V. (2019). Does Social Capital in the Workplace Predict Job Performance, Work Engagement, and Psychological Well-Being? A Prospective Analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61(10), 800–805. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001672
Duong, T. N., & Phan, T. A. (2024). Personal values and employee engagement: a study in Vietnam. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2297808
Emilisa, N., Yudhaputri, E., & Febriani, K. (2022, January 21). The Relationship of Tourism Involvement and Servant Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Service Industries: the Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment. Proocedings of the First Lekantara Annual Coference on Public Administration, Literatur, Social Science, Humanities, and Eduaction (LePALISSHE 2021). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-8-2021.2315093
Fujikawa, H., Aoki, T., & Eto, M. (2024). Associations between workplace social capital, well-being, and work engagement in medical residents: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06055-0
Gao, Z., Chee, C. S., Omar Dev, R. D., Liu, Y., Gao, J., Li, R., Li, F., Liu, X., & Wang, T. (2025). Social capital and physical activity: a literature review up to March 2024. In Frontiers in Public Health (Vol. 13). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1467571
Herliyanti, R. P., Kurniawan, I. S., & Lysander, M. A. S. (2025). The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Knowledge Management, and Work Environment on Employee Performance in Manufacturing Firms. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i1.965
İlhan, E., Eroğlu, U., & Toygür Eroğlu, D. (2022). Investigation of The Effect of Person Values and Personals Traits as Mediator Variables on Job Satisfaction and Sales Performance. Journal of Administrative Sciences Cilt, 47, 146–168. https://doi.org/10.35408/comuybd
Ionescu, C. G., Ciuperca, E. M., Cotel, A., & Licu, M. (2024). Personal values clusters and their associations to social media behaviors and psychological well-being. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02046-4
Iqbal, M. B., Li, J., Yang, S., & Sindhu, P. (2022). Value-driven career attitude and job performance: An intermediary role of organizational citizenship behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1038832
Jafari, M., Ghasemyani, S., Sadeghifar, J., Shams, L., & Naderimanesh, K. (2020). Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Capital: Survey from Hospital Setting. Hospital Topics, 98(3), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/00185868.2020.1784813
Knardahl, S., & Christensen, J. O. (2024). Individual work-motive values: determinants and consequences for the appraisal of specific health-related work characteristics. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332687
Ko, S. H., Choi, Y., Rhee, S. Y., & Moon, T. W. (2018). Social capital and organizational citizenship behavior: Double-mediation of emotional regulation and job engagement. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103600
Krijgsheld, M., Tummers, L. G., & Scheepers, F. E. (2022). Job performance in healthcare: a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-07357-5
Lee, M. C. C., Lin, M. H., Srinivasan, P. M., & Carr, S. C. (2024). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: new mediating roles for trustworthiness and trust in team leaders. Current Psychology, 43(11), 9567–9582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05095-x
Luthfiyana, D. A., Widowati, R., & Surwanti, A. (2024). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance. Asian Journal of Management Analytics, 3(2), 283–298. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajma.v3i2.8489
Meng, A., Clausen, T., & Borg, V. (2018). The association between team-level social capital and individual-level work engagement: Differences between subtypes of social capital and the impact of intra-team agreement. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(2), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12435
Nuhu, M. S., Kamselem, K. M., Mustapha, M., & Abdullahi, M. S. (2025). Personal value, employee impact and service quality delivery: the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 17(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-06-2023-0081
Priatna, S. F., Emilisa, N., & Khairana, S. (2024). Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Pada Karyawan Mandiri University Group. Solusi : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi, 22(4), 428–448. https://doi.org/10.26623/slsi.v22i4.9592
Purc, E., & Lagun, M. (2019). Personal values and innovative behavior of employees. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00865
Putra, D. B., Emilisa, N., & Baliartati, B. O. (2024). Pengaruh Authentic Leadership, Information Management, Organizational Identification dan Knowledge Management terhadap Job Performance pada PT. Hino di Jakarta Timur dan Jawa Timur. BUDGETING : Journal of Business, Management and Accounting, 5(2), 676–695. https://doi.org/10.31539/budgeting.v5i2.9252
Rajabi, S., & Hasanzadehtabrizi, M. (2025). Social and psychological capital’s impact on employee performance at Kerman university of medical sciences. Discover Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44202-025-00377-w
Reig-Botella, A., Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Fernández-Del Río, E., & Clemente, M. (2024). Don’t Curb Your Enthusiasm! The Role of Work Engagement in Predicting Job Performance. Revista de Psicologia Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 40(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.5093/jwop2024a5
Romadhania, N., Emilisa, N., & Pujiati, D. (2023). Pengaruh Green Human Resource Management Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Pada Karyawan Hotel Mercure Di Jakarta. Journal of Applied Management and Accounting Science, 4(2), 153–162. http://jamas.triatmamulya.ac.id/
Roos, M., Reale, J., & Banning, F. (2022). A value-based model of job performance. PLoS ONE, 17(1 January). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262430
Saidin, K., Wan, P., & Halim, W. F. S. W. A. (2024). A Synthesis Towards the Construct of Job Performance: Dimensions and Theoretical Approaches. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 5764–5776. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00425
Santos, R. S., Lousã, E. P., Sá, M. M., & Cordeiro, J. A. (2023). First, Be a Good Citizen: Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Well-Being at Work and the Moderating Role of Leadership Styles. Behavioral Sciences, 13(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13100811
Saraniemi, S., Harrikari, T., Fiorentino, V., Romakkaniemi, M., & Tiitinen, L. (2022). Silenced Coffee Rooms—The Changes in Social Capital within Social Workers’ Work Communities during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Challenges, 13(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe13010008
Styvans Dion, D., Emilisa, N., Laddyana Citra, F., Studi Manajemen, P., & Trisakti Jakarta, U. (2022). Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi (SIMO) Pengaruh Knowledge Hiding, Psychological Distress, Psychological Stress terhadap Job Performance Pegawai RSJ (The Influence of Knowledge Hiding, Psychological Distress, Psychological Stress on Job Performance of RSJ Employees). Studi Ilmu Manajemen Dan Organisasi (SIMO), 3(2), 287–301. https://doi.org/10.35912/simo.v3i2.1296
Suryadi, Y., Tule, P., & Sia Niha, S. (2023). Analysis of Factors Influencing the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Employees at SMK Santo Aloisius of Ruteng with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable. European Business & Management. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20230904.12
Vainieri, M., Ferrè, F., Giacomelli, G., & Nuti, S. (2019). Explaining performance in health care: How and when top management competencies make the difference. Health Care Management Review, 44(4), 306–317. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000164
Vuong, B. N., Hieu, V. T., Lien, L. T. P., & Huyen, N. T. T. (2024). How Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Promote Job Performance: Evidence The Aviation Industry. Business: Theory and Practice, 25(2), 458–467. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2024.18543
Widarko, A., & Anwarodin, M. K. (2022). Work Motivation and Organizational Culture on Work Performance: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as Mediating Variable. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(2), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v2i2.207
Xu, Q., Hou, Z., Zhang, C., Yu, F., Guan, J., & Liu, X. (2022). Human capital, social capital, psychological capital, and job performance: Based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938875
Yang, C., Chen, Y., Chen, A., & Ahmed, S. J. (2023). The integrated effects of leader–member exchange social comparison on job performance and OCB in the Chinese context. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1094509
Yang, Y., Obrenovic, B., Kamotho, D. W., Godinic, D., & Ostic, D. (2024). Enhancing Job Performance: The Critical Roles of Well-Being, Satisfaction, and Trust in Supervisor. Behavioral Sciences, 14(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080688
Zhou, J., Soo, H. S., & Aziz, A. B. (2024). From Research to Insights: A Review of Literature on Personal Values, Work-Life Balance, and Job Fit in Understanding Turnover Intentions. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 13(5), 111.