The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Degrees in Emerging Adulthood of Students
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The participants of this research are undergraduate students at Universitas Hasanuddin. The sampling technique utilized in this research is stratified random sampling, while the number of the participants on this research is 411 participants. The scale applied in this study is the sources of social support scale adapted from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (12 items, = 0.888) and the mental health degree scale adapted from the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) (24 items, = 0.941). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The correlation level obtained based on the results of data processing shows that the Pearson Correlations value of the research variable of 0.445 is included in the moderate relationship criteria. A moderate relationship can be interpreted as a medium relationship obtained based on the correlation coefficient criteria. This shows that the relationship between the variables sources of social support and the variable mental health degree is in moderate criteria.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Alsubaie, M. M., Stain, H. J., Webster, L. A. D. & Wadman, R. (2019). The role of sources of social support on depression and quality of life for university students. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 24(4), 484-496. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/02673843.2019.1568887
American Psychological Association. (2015). American psychological association dictionary of psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through twenties. The American Psychological Association, 55(5), 469-480. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469
Arnett, J. J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for? Child Development Perspective, 1(2), 68-73. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x
Arnett, J. J. (2015). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford University Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795574.013.9
Aziz, R. (2015). Aplikasi model rasch dalam pengujian alat ukur kesehatan mental di tempat kerja. Jurnal Psikologi Islam (JPI), 12(2), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.18860/psi.v12i2.6402
Cohen, S., Underwood, L. G., & Gottlieb, B. H. (2000). Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists. Oxford University Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1093/med:psych/9780195126709.001.0001
DeFauw, C., Levering, K., Msipa, R. T., & Abraham, S. (2018). Families' support and influence on college student's educational performance. Journal of Education and Development, 2(1), 11-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/jed.v2i1.312
Delphis. (2019, April). The biopsychosocial model of mental health. https://delphis.org.uk/category/mental-health
Dewi, K. S. (2012). Buku ajar kesehatan mental. UPT UNDIP Press Semarang.
Dupont, S., Galand, B., & Nils, F. (2015). The impact of different sources of social support on academic performance: Intervening factors and mediated pathways in the case of master’s thesis. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, (65), 227-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2015.08.003
Engel, G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196(4286), 129-136 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.847460
Fitria, Y. & Maulidia, R. (2018). Hubungan antara dukungan sosial keluarga dengan kesehatan jiwa remaja di SMPN kota malang. Jurnal Kesehatan Hesti Wira Sakti, 6(2), 1-10.
Galderisi, S., Heinz, A., Kastrup, M., Beezhold, J., & Sartorius, N. (2015). Toward a new definition of mental health. Perspective, 14(2), 231-233. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fwps.20231
Good News From Indonesia. (2021, Januari). 5 kampus terbaik di Indonesia timur, Sulawesi catatkan 3 PTN. (Ed. Aditiya, I. M.). https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2021/01/24/5-kampus-terbaik-di-indonesia-timur-sulawesi-sumbang-3-ptn
Granieri, A., Franzoi, I. G., & Chung, M. C. (2021). Editorial: Psychological distress among university students. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 5-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647940
Hefner, J. & Eisenberg, D. (2009). Social support and mental health among college students. American Psychological Association, 79(4), 491-499. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0016918
Iouannou, M., Kassianos, A. P., & Symeou, M. (2019). Coping with depressive symptoms in young adults: Perceived social support protects against depressive symptoms only under moderate levels of stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(2780), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02780
Isaac, S. & Michael, W. B. (1976). Handbook in research and evaluation. Edits Publishers.
Jenzer, T., Read, J. P., Naragon-Gainey, K., & Prince, M. A. (2019). Coping trajectories in emerging adulthood: The influence of temperament and gender. J Pers, 87(3), 607-619. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fjopy.12419
Juniastira, S. (2018). Hubungan antara dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup pada pasien stroke. Skripsi. Universitas Islam Indonesia. https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/8391
Kaligis, F., Ismail, R. I. Wiguna, T., Prasetyo, S., Indriatmi, W., Gunardi, H., Pandia, V., & Magdalena, C. C. (2021). Mental health problems and needs among transitional-age youth in Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084046
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2019). Situasi kesehatan jiwa di indonesia. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Malawat, M. C. (2019). Hubungan antara kemampuan adaptasi dengan tingkat stres pada mahasiswa tingkat awal fakultas kedokteran universitas hasanuddin angkatan 2019. Skripsi. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Oktavia, W. K. & Muhopilah, P. (2021). Model konseptual resiliensi di masa pandemi covid-19: Pengaruh religiusitas, dukungan sosial, dan spiritualitas. Psikologika, 26(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.20885/psikologika.vol26.iss1.art1
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2009). Human Development, 7th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Pettit, J. W., Roberts, R. E., Lewinsohn, P. M., Seeley, J. R., & Yaroslavsky, I. (2011). Developmental relations between perceived social support and depressive symptoms through emerging adulthood: Blood is thicker than water. J Fam Psychol, 25(1), 127-136. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0022320
Rahmania, F. A. & Tasaufi, M. N. F. (2020). Terapi kelompok suportif untuk menurunkan quarter-life crisis pada individu dewasa awal di masa pandemi covid-19. Psisula: Prosiding Berkala Psikologi, 2, 1-16.
Rook, K. S. (1987). Social support versus companionship: Effects on life stress, loneliness, and evaluations by others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), 1132-1147. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1132
Rosyidah, I. (2020). Gambaran tingkat stres akademik mahasiswa program studi ilmu keperawatan fakultas keperawatan unhas. Skripsi. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Rufaida, S. A., Wardani, I. Y., & Panjaitan, R. U. (2021). Dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan masalah kesehatan jiwa pada remaja. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 4(1), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.32584/jikj.v4i1.929
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Sarafino, E. P. & Smith, T. W. (2011). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial interactions, 7th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sarason, I. G., Levine, H. M., Basham, R. B., Sarason, B. R. (1983). Assessing social support: The social support questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 127-139. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.127
Scardera, S., Perret, L. C., Ouellet-Morin, I., Gariépy, G., Juster, R., Boivin, M., Turecki, G, Tremblay, R. R., Côté, S., & Geoffroy, M. (2020). Association of social support during adolescence with depression, anxiety, and sucidial ideation in young adults. Jama Network Open, 3(12), 1-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamanetworkopen.2020.27491
Sharp, K. M. H., Schwartz, L. E., Barnes, S. E., Jamison, L. E., Miller-Graff, L. E., & Howell, K. H. (2017). Adulthood across sources of support and profiles of interpersonal and non-interpersonal potentially trauma experiences. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma, 0(0), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0022167820931987
Song, L., Son, J., & Lin, N. (2011). The sage handbook of social network analysis: Social support. Scott, J. & Carrington, P. J. (Ed.). SAGE. https://dx.%3Cwbr%3Edoi.%3Cwbr%3Eorg/10.4135/9781446294413
Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sulistiowati, N. M. D., Keliat, B. A., Besral, Wakhid, A. (2018). Gambaran dukungan sosial terhadap kesejahteraan emosional, psikologi, dan sosial pada kesehatan jiwa remaja. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kendal, 8(2), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.32583/pskm.8.2.2018.116-122
Szkody, E. & McKinney, C. (2019). Indirect effects of social support on psychological health through self-esteem in emerging adulthood. Journal of Family Issues, 00(0), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0192513X19859612
Tahmasbipour, N. & Taheri, A. (2012). A survey on the relation between social support and mental health in students Shahid Rajaee University. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 5-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.603
Taukeni, S. G. (2020). Biopsychosocial model of health. Psychology and Psychiatry: Open Access, 4(1), 13-14.
United Nations. (2020). Understanding mental health. United Nations.
Van den Berg, Y. H. M., Burk, W. J. Cillessen, A. H. N., & Roelofs, K. (2021). Emerging adult’s mental health during the covid-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study on the importance of social support. Emerging Adulthood, 0(0), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F21676968211039979
Vandervoort, D. (1999). Quality of social support in mental and physical health. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social, 18(2), 205-222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-006-1016-2
Veit, C. T. & Ware, J. E. (1983). The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(5), 730-742. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.51.5.730
Walen, H. R. & Lachman, M. E. (2014). Social support and strain from partner, family, friends: Costs and benefits for men and women in adulthood. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(1), 5-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407500171001
Winefield, H., Winefield, A., & Tiggemann, M. (1992). Social support and psychological well-being in young adults: The multi-dimensional support scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 198-210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5801_17
World Health Organization. (2018). Mental health: Strengthening our response. World Health Organization.
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2