Main Article Content
Abstract
This research decisively establishes the influence of digital marketing on the marketing performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the food sector of Jepara Regency, underscoring the critical mediating roles of customer engagement and relationship marketing. Employing a robust quantitative methodology with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), analyzed through SmartPLS version 4.0, questionnaires were distributed to 150 SME owners in the food sector. The results indicate that while digital marketing does not directly enhance marketing performance, customer engagement and relationship marketing are vital mediators that significantly strengthen this connection. This reinforces the notion that cultivating high levels of customer engagement and fostering strong relationships are essential for maximizing the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies. Consequently, this research provides crucial insights for SMEs, highlighting the challenges inherent in digital marketing implementation and the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to elevate their marketing performance.
Keywords
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References
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- Arifin, S. and A. Ali (2023). "Peran Customer Involvement Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan) 7(1): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2023.v7.i1.5221
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- Ashley, C. & T. Tuten (2015). "Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement." Psychology & Marketing 32(1): 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20761
- Aulianda, M. and S. Sudarmiatin (2021). "The Effect of Online Marketing Strategies and Digital Media in Increasing Customer Loyalty and Sales Quantity." Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business 1(1): 14-23. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmapb.v1i1.159
- Barney, J. (1991). "Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage." Journal of Management 17(1): 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
- Bramastra, A. B., et al. (2020). "Analisis Strategi Online Consumer Relationship Management Pada Produk Pisau Cukur Banner." Jurnal Media Dan Komunikasi 1(01): 55-67.
- Buttle, F. & S. Maklan (2019). Customer relationship management: concepts and technologies, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351016551
- Chaffey, D. and P. R. Smith (2022). Digital marketing excellence: planning, optimizing and integrating online marketing, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003009498
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- Erwin, E., et al. (2023). Digital Marketing: Penerapan Digital Marketing pada Era Society 5.0, PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
- Fachrunnisa, O., et al. (2020). "Towards SMEs' digital transformation: The role of agile leadership and strategic flexibility." Journal of Small Business Strategy 30(3): 65-85.
- Fadilah, E. and A. Nuvriasari (2024). "The Influence of Digital Marketing, Marketing Innovation and Competitor Orientation on the Marketing Performance of Bamboo Crafts MSMEs in Yogyakarta." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 3(5): 1909-1920.
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- Hongyun, T., et al. (2019). "Effect of social capital on firm performance: The role of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability." International Review of Management and Marketing 9(4): 63. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.8108
- Irfandi, N., et al. (2025). "The Impact of Market Orientation, Product Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on the Marketing Performance of Culinary Enterprises: Empirical Study in Kampar Regency, Indonesia." Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business 5(1): 79-94. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmapb.v5i1.784
- Järvinen, J., et al. (2012). "Digital and social media marketing usage in B2B industrial section." Marketing Management Journal 22(2): 102-117.
- Kartajaya, H., et al. (2019). "Marketing 4.0: Moving from traditional to digital." World Scientific Book Chapters: 99-123.
- Khan, S. A., et al. (2023). "Technology as a catalyst for tourism entrepreneurship: A critical insight." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 10(04): 7832-7838. https://10.18535/ijsshi/v10i04.01
- Kitsios, F., et al. (2022). "Exploring business strategy modeling with ArchiMate: A case study approach." Information 13(1): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13010031
- Kumar, V. and A. Pansari (2016). "Competitive advantage through engagement." Journal of marketing research 53(4): 497-514. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0044
- Laksamana, R., et al. (2022). "Strategi UMKM Dalam Menghadapi Pasca Pandemi COVID-19." JAAKFE UNTAN (Jurnal Audit dan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Tanjungpura) 11(2): 51-64. https://10.26418/jaakfe.v11i2.59005
- Larasati, S. and S. B. Utomo (2021). "Strategi Customer Relationship Marketing Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan." Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Manajemen (JIRM) 10(5).
- Latifah, U. and M. R. Roosdhani (2024). "customer experience dalam layanan bus: sebuah imperatif strategis dalam mempertahankan customer loyalty." Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika 17(1): 197-210. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v17i1.467
- Leeflang, P. S., et al. (2014). "Challenges and solutions for marketing in a digital era." European Management Journal 32(1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2013.12.001
- Lestari, V. (2023). "Strategic Approaches to Marketing Management in Contemporary Business Environments." Advances: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis 1(5): 255-268.
- Liliyan, A. (2020). "Entrepreneurial Marketing dan Trust Terhadap Marketing Performance." Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis 17(4): 531-547. https://doi.org/10.38043/jmb.v17i4.2714
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- Mitrega, M., et al. (2012). "Networking capability in business relationships—Concept and scale development." Industrial Marketing Management 41(5): 739-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.06.002
- Morris, N. (2009). "Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation." Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice 10(4): 384–387. https://doi.org/10.1057/dddmp.2009.7
- Mujahidin, et al. (2022). "The Effect of Relationship Marketing and Relationship Quality on Customer Loyalty (Bank Muamalat Indonesia)." Technium Soc. Sci. J. 38: 312.
- Noviani, D., et al. (2020). "Pengaruh streaming musik terhadap industri musik di Indonesia." Jurnal Bisnis Strategi 29(1): 14-25. https://doi.org/10.14710/jbs.29.1.14-25
- Novitasari, A. T. (2021). "Digital media marketing strategies for MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic." https://doi.org/10.37010/fcs.v2i2.348
- Pomirleanu, N., et al. (2013). "A review of internet marketing research over the past 20 years and future research direction." Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 7(3): 166-181. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2013-0006
- Purba, F. B., et al. (2021). "The Effect Of Paikem Approach On Students’ Learning Outcomes on The Theme of Lingkungan Sahabat Kita At Grade V SD Harapan Baru Medan Academic Year 2019/2020." Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran) 5(2): 278-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.33578/pjr.v5i2.8179
- Putri, S. B. and A. F. M. Trenggana (2020). "Pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan Watsons Di Kota Bandung." eProceedings of Management 7(1).
- Ramadhani, F., et al. (2022). "Pengaruh Inovasi Produk, Orientasi Pasar Dan Marketing Digital Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran Umkm Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Pekanbaru." ECOUNTBIS: Economics, Accounting and Business Journal 2(2): 344-354.
- Ramdan, A. M., et al. (2023). Manajemen Pemasaran, Penerbit Widina.
- Roosdhani, M. R., et al. (2023). The effect of customer engagement on social media performance. International Conference of Business and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24034/icobuss.v3i1.422
- Royle, J. & A. Laing (2014). "The digital marketing skills gap: Developing a Digital Marketer Model for the Communication industries." International journal of information management 34(2): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.11.008
- Ruggiero, T. E. (2000). "Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century." Mass Communication & Society 3(1): 3–37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327825MCS0301_02
- Ryan, D. (2016). Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation, Kogan Page Publishers.
- Ryan, D., and C. Jones (2009). Digital Marketing: Marketing Strategies for Engaging Digital GenerationKogan Page Limited, London.
- Saâ, K., et al. (2022). "Pengaruh Customer Relationship Marketing, Suku Bunga, dan Kepuasan Nasabah terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah." Jurnal Rekognisi Manajemen 6(1): 1-12.
- Santoso, A. V. (2020). "Analisis pengaruh digital marketing terhadap repeat purchase dengan customer engagement dan customer experience sebagai variabel intervening pada layanan pesan-antar makanan GoFood di Surabaya." Jurnal Strategi Pemasaran 7(2): 12-12.
- Sashi, C. M. (2012). "Customer engagement, buyer‐seller relationships, and social media." Management decision 50(2): 253–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211203551
- So, K. K. F., et al. (2016). "The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands." Journal of Travel Research 55(1): 64-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514541008
- Sudari, S. A. and Y. Pambreni (2024). "Relationship and digital marketing have a competitive advantage in enhancing SMEs' marketing performance at the Semarang regency." Jambura Science of Management 6(1): 41-50. https://doi.org/10.37479/jsm.v6i1.22551
- Sugiana, N. S. S., et al. (2023). "Hidden Cost Marketing: Descriptive Analysis of Digital Marketing Strategies and Creating Branding for MSMEs." Journal of Marketing Innovation (JMI) 3(1).
- Suwarno, B. (2020). "Analisis peran digital marketing dalam peningkatan marketing performance (Studi Kasus ecommerce di Sumatera Utara)."
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- Tyas, M. W. and D. K. Sari (2023). "The Effect of Digital Marketing, Customer Relationship Marketing and Competitive Advantage in Improving the Marketing Performance of Leather MSMEs in Sidoarjo: Pengaruh Digital Marketing, Customer Relationship Marketing dan Keunggulan Bersaing terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM Kulit di Sidoarjo." https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.3288
- Van Tonder, E. and D. J. Petzer (2018). "The interrelationships between relationship marketing constructs and customer engagement dimensions." The Service Industries Journal 38(13-14): 948-973. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1425398
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References
Abshariena, T. K. and S. E. Fitria (2019). "The Impact of Entrepreneurial Marketing toward Work Performance at the Centre of Garut Specialty Food." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Politik Dan Humaniora 2(1): 42-50. https://doi.org/10.36624/jisora.v2i1.19
Albert, J., et al. (2023). "Strategi peningkatan daya saing produk usaha mikro kecil menengah (UMKM) pasca pandemi Covid-19 di Sukabumi (Studi literatur)." BUDGETING: Journal of Management, Accounting and Resources 1(1): 13-20.
Arifin, S. and A. Ali (2023). "Peran Customer Involvement Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan) 7(1): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2023.v7.i1.5221
Armstrong, G., et al. (2018). Principles of Marketing Edition, Pearson Education Limited.
Arraniri, I. (2022). "Meningkatkan Kinerja Pemasaran Pada UMKM Di Masa New Normal." EconBank: Journal of Economics and Banking 4(1): 87–97. https://doi.org/10.35829/econbank.v4i1.170
Ashley, C. & T. Tuten (2015). "Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement." Psychology & Marketing 32(1): 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20761
Aulianda, M. and S. Sudarmiatin (2021). "The Effect of Online Marketing Strategies and Digital Media in Increasing Customer Loyalty and Sales Quantity." Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business 1(1): 14-23. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmapb.v1i1.159
Barney, J. (1991). "Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage." Journal of Management 17(1): 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Bramastra, A. B., et al. (2020). "Analisis Strategi Online Consumer Relationship Management Pada Produk Pisau Cukur Banner." Jurnal Media Dan Komunikasi 1(01): 55-67.
Buttle, F. & S. Maklan (2019). Customer relationship management: concepts and technologies, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351016551
Chaffey, D. and P. R. Smith (2022). Digital marketing excellence: planning, optimizing and integrating online marketing, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003009498
Chusumastuti, D., et al. (2023). "Pengaruh digital marketing dan kompetensi wirausaha terhadap kinerja pemasaran (Studi ada UMKM di Jawa Barat)." Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen West Science 2(02): 83-93
Dewanto, F. B., et al. (2023). "Penerapan SEO Dalam Strategi Pemasaran Perusahaan." Jurnal Maneksi (Management Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi) 12(4): 709-715. https://doi.org/10.31959/jm.v12i4.1900
Dwivedi, Y. K., et al. (2021). "Setting the future of digital and social media marketing research: Perspectives and research propositions." International journal of information management 59: 102168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102168
Erwin, E., et al. (2023). Digital Marketing: Penerapan Digital Marketing pada Era Society 5.0, PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Fachrunnisa, O., et al. (2020). "Towards SMEs' digital transformation: The role of agile leadership and strategic flexibility." Journal of Small Business Strategy 30(3): 65-85.
Fadilah, E. and A. Nuvriasari (2024). "The Influence of Digital Marketing, Marketing Innovation and Competitor Orientation on the Marketing Performance of Bamboo Crafts MSMEs in Yogyakarta." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 3(5): 1909-1920.
Grønholdt, L. and A. Martensen (2006). "Key marketing performance measures." The Marketing Review 6(3): 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1362/146934706778605287
Gronroos, C. (1994). "From marketing mix to relationship marketing: Towards a paradigm shift in marketing." Asia-Australia Marketing Journal 2(1): 9–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1320-1646(94)70275-6
Hair, J. F. (2010). "Black, Wc, Babin, Bj, & Anderson, Re (2010)." Multivariate data analysis 7: 77-95.
Hasibuan, R. R. and N. Najmudin (2024). "Content Marketing, Customer Engagement On Marketing Performance Mediated By Digital Marketing In Batik Msmes In Banyumas Regency." International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research 3(03): 287-304.
Hofacker, C., et al. (2020). Digital marketing and business-to-business relationships: a close look at the interface and a roadmap for the future, Emerald Publishing Limited. 54: 1161-1179. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-04-2020-0247
Hollebeek, L. D., et al. (2014). "Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development and validation." Journal of interactive marketing 28(2): 149-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2013.12.002
Hongyun, T., et al. (2019). "Effect of social capital on firm performance: The role of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability." International Review of Management and Marketing 9(4): 63. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.8108
Irfandi, N., et al. (2025). "The Impact of Market Orientation, Product Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on the Marketing Performance of Culinary Enterprises: Empirical Study in Kampar Regency, Indonesia." Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business 5(1): 79-94. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmapb.v5i1.784
Järvinen, J., et al. (2012). "Digital and social media marketing usage in B2B industrial section." Marketing Management Journal 22(2): 102-117.
Kartajaya, H., et al. (2019). "Marketing 4.0: Moving from traditional to digital." World Scientific Book Chapters: 99-123.
Khan, S. A., et al. (2023). "Technology as a catalyst for tourism entrepreneurship: A critical insight." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 10(04): 7832-7838. https://10.18535/ijsshi/v10i04.01
Kitsios, F., et al. (2022). "Exploring business strategy modeling with ArchiMate: A case study approach." Information 13(1): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13010031
Kumar, V. and A. Pansari (2016). "Competitive advantage through engagement." Journal of marketing research 53(4): 497-514. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0044
Laksamana, R., et al. (2022). "Strategi UMKM Dalam Menghadapi Pasca Pandemi COVID-19." JAAKFE UNTAN (Jurnal Audit dan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Tanjungpura) 11(2): 51-64. https://10.26418/jaakfe.v11i2.59005
Larasati, S. and S. B. Utomo (2021). "Strategi Customer Relationship Marketing Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan." Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Manajemen (JIRM) 10(5).
Latifah, U. and M. R. Roosdhani (2024). "customer experience dalam layanan bus: sebuah imperatif strategis dalam mempertahankan customer loyalty." Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika 17(1): 197-210. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v17i1.467
Leeflang, P. S., et al. (2014). "Challenges and solutions for marketing in a digital era." European Management Journal 32(1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2013.12.001
Lestari, V. (2023). "Strategic Approaches to Marketing Management in Contemporary Business Environments." Advances: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis 1(5): 255-268.
Liliyan, A. (2020). "Entrepreneurial Marketing dan Trust Terhadap Marketing Performance." Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis 17(4): 531-547. https://doi.org/10.38043/jmb.v17i4.2714
Lucyantoro, B. I. and M. R. Rachmansyah (2017). "Penerapan Strategi Digital Marketing, Teori Antrian Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Pelanggan:(Studi Kasus di MyBCA Ciputra World Surabaya)." EKONOMIKA45: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Bisnis, Kewirausahaan 5(1): 38-57. https://doi.org/10.30640/ekonomika45.v5i1.63
Mitrega, M., et al. (2012). "Networking capability in business relationships—Concept and scale development." Industrial Marketing Management 41(5): 739-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.06.002
Morris, N. (2009). "Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation." Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice 10(4): 384–387. https://doi.org/10.1057/dddmp.2009.7
Mujahidin, et al. (2022). "The Effect of Relationship Marketing and Relationship Quality on Customer Loyalty (Bank Muamalat Indonesia)." Technium Soc. Sci. J. 38: 312.
Noviani, D., et al. (2020). "Pengaruh streaming musik terhadap industri musik di Indonesia." Jurnal Bisnis Strategi 29(1): 14-25. https://doi.org/10.14710/jbs.29.1.14-25
Novitasari, A. T. (2021). "Digital media marketing strategies for MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic." https://doi.org/10.37010/fcs.v2i2.348
Pomirleanu, N., et al. (2013). "A review of internet marketing research over the past 20 years and future research direction." Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 7(3): 166-181. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2013-0006
Purba, F. B., et al. (2021). "The Effect Of Paikem Approach On Students’ Learning Outcomes on The Theme of Lingkungan Sahabat Kita At Grade V SD Harapan Baru Medan Academic Year 2019/2020." Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran) 5(2): 278-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.33578/pjr.v5i2.8179
Putri, S. B. and A. F. M. Trenggana (2020). "Pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan Watsons Di Kota Bandung." eProceedings of Management 7(1).
Ramadhani, F., et al. (2022). "Pengaruh Inovasi Produk, Orientasi Pasar Dan Marketing Digital Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran Umkm Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Pekanbaru." ECOUNTBIS: Economics, Accounting and Business Journal 2(2): 344-354.
Ramdan, A. M., et al. (2023). Manajemen Pemasaran, Penerbit Widina.
Roosdhani, M. R., et al. (2023). The effect of customer engagement on social media performance. International Conference of Business and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24034/icobuss.v3i1.422
Royle, J. & A. Laing (2014). "The digital marketing skills gap: Developing a Digital Marketer Model for the Communication industries." International journal of information management 34(2): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.11.008
Ruggiero, T. E. (2000). "Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century." Mass Communication & Society 3(1): 3–37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327825MCS0301_02
Ryan, D. (2016). Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation, Kogan Page Publishers.
Ryan, D., and C. Jones (2009). Digital Marketing: Marketing Strategies for Engaging Digital GenerationKogan Page Limited, London.
Saâ, K., et al. (2022). "Pengaruh Customer Relationship Marketing, Suku Bunga, dan Kepuasan Nasabah terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah." Jurnal Rekognisi Manajemen 6(1): 1-12.
Santoso, A. V. (2020). "Analisis pengaruh digital marketing terhadap repeat purchase dengan customer engagement dan customer experience sebagai variabel intervening pada layanan pesan-antar makanan GoFood di Surabaya." Jurnal Strategi Pemasaran 7(2): 12-12.
Sashi, C. M. (2012). "Customer engagement, buyer‐seller relationships, and social media." Management decision 50(2): 253–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211203551
So, K. K. F., et al. (2016). "The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands." Journal of Travel Research 55(1): 64-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514541008
Sudari, S. A. and Y. Pambreni (2024). "Relationship and digital marketing have a competitive advantage in enhancing SMEs' marketing performance at the Semarang regency." Jambura Science of Management 6(1): 41-50. https://doi.org/10.37479/jsm.v6i1.22551
Sugiana, N. S. S., et al. (2023). "Hidden Cost Marketing: Descriptive Analysis of Digital Marketing Strategies and Creating Branding for MSMEs." Journal of Marketing Innovation (JMI) 3(1).
Suwarno, B. (2020). "Analisis peran digital marketing dalam peningkatan marketing performance (Studi Kasus ecommerce di Sumatera Utara)."
Tiago, M. T. P. M. B. and J. M. C. Veríssimo (2014). "Digital marketing and social media: Why bother?" Business Horizons 57(6): 703-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.07.002
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