Main Article Content
Abstract
This research explores the impact of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) and Green Perceived Organizational Support (GPOS) on Green Entrepreneurial Intention (GEI) among Generation Y employees in the retail sector of South Tangerang, with Green Self-Efficacy (GSE) serving as a mediating variable. Using data collected from 120 respondents, the analysis reveals that GTL and GPOS positively influence GSE. Nevertheless, only GTL directly contributes to GEI, whereas the influence of GPOS on GEI is mediated through GSE. These outcomes emphasize the critical role of leadership and organizational backing in enhancing employees' confidence to pursue green entrepreneurship. The study concludes that strengthening green self-efficacy and promoting environmentally conscious leadership are essential strategies to support sustainable innovation within retail organizations.
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References
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- Alshebami, A. S. (2023). Green Innovation, Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Economic Performance: Interactions among Saudi Small Enterprises. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031961
- Alshebami, A. S., Fazal, S. A., Seraj, A. H. A., Al Marri, S. H., & Alsultan, W. S. (2024). Fostering potential entrepreneurs: an empirical study of the drivers of green self-efficacy in Saudi Arabia. Discover Sustainability, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00201-w
- Altassan, M. (2024). How Green Transformational Leadership and Green Entrepreneurial Orientation Contribute to Firm Sustainable Performance : The Role of Green Innovation and Environmental Concerns.
- Amankwah, J., & Sesen, H. (2021). On the relation between green entrepreneurship intention and behavior. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137474
- Aurellia, J., & Nuringsih, K. (2023). The Role of Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Self-Efficacy to Encourage Student Intention in Green Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Application on Economics and Business, 1(1), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijaeb.11.199-207
- Cai, X., Hussain, S., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Factors That Can Promote the Green Entrepreneurial Intention of College Students: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.776886
- Dewanti, S. S., & Emilisa, N. (2023). Ghrm Green Self Efficacy Green Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Green Creativity Perusahaan Logistik. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Saburai (JIMS), 9(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.24967/jmb.v9i1.1710
- Fetriah, D., & Herminingsih, A. (2023). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support, Work Motivation, and Competence on Employee Performance Mediated by Employee Engagement. DIJMS, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v5i1
- Gebremedhin, M., Gebrewahd, E., & Stafford, L. K. (2022). Validity and reliability study of clinician attitude towards rural health extension program in Ethiopia: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08470-9
- Gregori, P., Holzmann, P., Krajger, I., Schwarz, E. J., & Harms, R. (2024). Entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability: the effects of passion and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2023-0488
- Guo, J. (2022). The significance of green entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Mediating and moderating role of green innovation and knowledge sharing culture. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(September), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1001867
- Ibarra-Cisneros, M. A., Vela-Reyna, J. B., & Hernández-Perlines, F. (2024). Green transformational leadership as a foundation for implementing green strategic orientations and the development of green innovation and green performance. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 12(4), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2024.120403
- Kerse, G. (2024). The effect of perceived green organizational support on employee green behavior: the moderating role of long-term orientation. Brazilian Journal of Operations and Production Management, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.14488/BJOPM.1762.2024
- kurniawan, D. T., Prohimi, A. H. A., Sopiah, S., & Kusnayain, Y. I. (2023). What are the Determinant Factors for a Master's Student (Gen Y) to Join Indonesia’s Giant Digital Startup? (pp. 67–79). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-026-8_8
- Liu, S., Guo, D., Sun, J., Yu, J., & Zhou, D. (2020). MapOnLearn: The use of maps in online learning systems for education sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177018
- Monica, M., & Emilisa, N. (2022). Journal Multidisiplin Indonesia Pengaruh Antara Environmental Sustainability Orientation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Green Capability, Green Transformational Leadership Terhadap Environmental Pada RUMAH SAKIT DI JAKARTA. Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia, 1(4). https://jmi.rivierapublishing.id/
- Muttaqin, Z., & Silvya Sari, D. (2023). The Role of Sustainable Business Practices in Achieving the SDGS: a Case Study of Rural Agricultural Communities. Edunity Kajian Ilmu Sosial Dan Pendidikan, 2(7), 851–859. https://doi.org/10.57096/edunity.v2i7.138
- Natasha, N., AC, A., & Anggoro, Y. A. R. (2025). Strengthening Digital Competence, Digital Leadership, and Employee Resilience in Improving Human Resource Performance in the Digital Era of Public Services. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(2), 326–341. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i2.1219
- Nielsen. (2021, June 21). Kehidupan yang Diciptakan Kembali: Perilaku Masyarakat Indonesia Satu Tahun Setelah Pandemi COVID-19. Juni. https://www.nielsen.com/id/news-center/2021/life-reinvented-indonesian-behaviour-one-year-after-the-start-of-the-covid-19-pandemic/
- Nilam, E. B., Pangaribuan, C. H., & Thaib, D. (2024). The Effect Of Green Transformational Leadership And Green Human Resource Management On Environmental Performance With Green Innovation As A Mediating Variable At PT Induksarana Kemasindo In Jakarta. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 4(8). https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i8.894
- Nusraningrum, D., Mekar, T. M., Ahmad, F. S., Wibowo, M. W., & Hanafiah, A. (2023). Improving the Green Behavior of Millennials at HEIs: Green Transformational Leadership and Digital Green Campaign on Green Thinking in Indonesia. Migration Letters, 20(7), 1203–1220.
- Özgül, B., & Demir, İ. (2024). The mediating role of green perceived organizational support in the relationship between green transformational leadership and green self-efficacy. Social Responsibility Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2024-0350
- Paroli, P. (2025). Transforming Human Resource Planning: Building a Strong Foundation for Achieving Good Governance. Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education, 5(1), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v5i1.919
- Qadir, F., & Chaudhry, S. A. (2024). Green Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Its Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of The Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship. The Asian Bulletin of Green Management and Circular Economy, 4(1), 74–98. https://doi.org/10.62019/abgmce.v4i1.45
- Rafique, S., Tanveer, Y., Sadiq, S., & Tariq, A. (2024). Mediation of Green Perceived Organizational Support between Green Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Performance. The Asian Bulletin of Big Data Management, 4(3), 173–191. https://doi.org/10.62019/abbdm.v4i3.228
- Rubel, M. R. B., Kee, D. M. H., & Rimi, N. N. (2025). Unpacking the eco-friendly path: exploring organizational green initiatives, green perceived organizational support, and employee green behavior. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2024-046
- Saleem, F., Mateou, S., & Malik, M. I. (2024). How Green Transformational Leaders Trigger Environmental Performance? Unleashing the Missing Links Through Green Self-Efficacy, Green Empowerment, and Green Training of Employees. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229982
- Setyaningrum, R. P., Ratnasari, S. L., Soelistya, D., Purwati, T., Desembrianita, E., & Fahlevi, M. (2024). Green human resource management and millennial retention in Indonesian tech startups: mediating roles of job expectations and self-efficacy. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2348718
- Sh. Ahmad, F., Rosli, N. T., & Quoquab, F. (2022). Environmental quality awareness, green trust, green self-efficacy, and environmental attitude influence green purchase behaviour. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(1), 68–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-05-2020-0072
- Sivapatham, C. S., Bin Abd Aziz, S. A., Chin, A. T. M., Bin Mustapha Kamil, M. A., Achuthan, S., & Kanapathipillai, K. (2022). The Impact Of Social Media On Gen-Y Employees' Work Performance In A Telco, Malaysia. European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejmms.v7i4.1293
- Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A., Gharbi, H., & Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2022). Going Green Together: Effects of Green Transformational Leadership on Employee Green Behaviour and Environmental Performance in the Saudi Food Industry. Agriculture (Switzerland), 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081100
- Taherdoost, H. (2022). Designing a Questionnaire for a Research Paper: A Comprehensive Guide to Design and Develop an Effective Questionnaire. Asian Journal of Managerial Science, 11(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2022.11.1.3087
- Tantawi, R., & Noviana, A. H. (2024). Employee Green Behavior's Impact on Sustainable Environmental Performance: Exploring The Mediating-Moderating Roles of Perceived Organizational Support and Self-Efficacy.
- Wang, W., Cao, Q., Zhuo, C., Mou, Y., Pu, Z., & Zhou, Y. (2021). COVID-19 to Green Entrepreneurial Intention: Role of Green Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Optimism, Ecological Values, Social Responsibility, and Green Entrepreneurial Motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732904
- Willie, M. (2024). Leveraging Digital Resources: A Resource-Based View Perspective. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 01–14. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i1.415
- Wisanggeni, N. U. B., Kurniasih, R. D., Pratama, A., & Astuti, H. J. (2023). The Influence of Entrepreneurial Motivation, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Orientation Toward Green Entrepreneurial Intention. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Islamic Studies, 4(1), 80–85.
- Yudhaputri, E. A., Emilisa, N., & Lunarindiah, G. (2021). Differences between Generation X and Generation Y in Job Involvement and Commitment: A Study in Event Organizer Companies. In Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research (Vol. 10).
References
Abourokbah, S., Bajaba, S., & Yaqub, M. Z. (2024). Leading the green wave: How and when green transformational leadership cultivates employee green creativity. Acta Psychologica, 250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104503
Alshebami, A. S. (2023). Green Innovation, Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Economic Performance: Interactions among Saudi Small Enterprises. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031961
Alshebami, A. S., Fazal, S. A., Seraj, A. H. A., Al Marri, S. H., & Alsultan, W. S. (2024). Fostering potential entrepreneurs: an empirical study of the drivers of green self-efficacy in Saudi Arabia. Discover Sustainability, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00201-w
Altassan, M. (2024). How Green Transformational Leadership and Green Entrepreneurial Orientation Contribute to Firm Sustainable Performance : The Role of Green Innovation and Environmental Concerns.
Amankwah, J., & Sesen, H. (2021). On the relation between green entrepreneurship intention and behavior. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137474
Aurellia, J., & Nuringsih, K. (2023). The Role of Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Self-Efficacy to Encourage Student Intention in Green Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Application on Economics and Business, 1(1), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijaeb.11.199-207
Cai, X., Hussain, S., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Factors That Can Promote the Green Entrepreneurial Intention of College Students: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.776886
Dewanti, S. S., & Emilisa, N. (2023). Ghrm Green Self Efficacy Green Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Green Creativity Perusahaan Logistik. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Saburai (JIMS), 9(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.24967/jmb.v9i1.1710
Fetriah, D., & Herminingsih, A. (2023). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support, Work Motivation, and Competence on Employee Performance Mediated by Employee Engagement. DIJMS, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v5i1
Gebremedhin, M., Gebrewahd, E., & Stafford, L. K. (2022). Validity and reliability study of clinician attitude towards rural health extension program in Ethiopia: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08470-9
Gregori, P., Holzmann, P., Krajger, I., Schwarz, E. J., & Harms, R. (2024). Entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability: the effects of passion and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2023-0488
Guo, J. (2022). The significance of green entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Mediating and moderating role of green innovation and knowledge sharing culture. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(September), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1001867
Ibarra-Cisneros, M. A., Vela-Reyna, J. B., & Hernández-Perlines, F. (2024). Green transformational leadership as a foundation for implementing green strategic orientations and the development of green innovation and green performance. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 12(4), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2024.120403
Kerse, G. (2024). The effect of perceived green organizational support on employee green behavior: the moderating role of long-term orientation. Brazilian Journal of Operations and Production Management, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.14488/BJOPM.1762.2024
kurniawan, D. T., Prohimi, A. H. A., Sopiah, S., & Kusnayain, Y. I. (2023). What are the Determinant Factors for a Master's Student (Gen Y) to Join Indonesia’s Giant Digital Startup? (pp. 67–79). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-026-8_8
Liu, S., Guo, D., Sun, J., Yu, J., & Zhou, D. (2020). MapOnLearn: The use of maps in online learning systems for education sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177018
Monica, M., & Emilisa, N. (2022). Journal Multidisiplin Indonesia Pengaruh Antara Environmental Sustainability Orientation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Green Capability, Green Transformational Leadership Terhadap Environmental Pada RUMAH SAKIT DI JAKARTA. Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia, 1(4). https://jmi.rivierapublishing.id/
Muttaqin, Z., & Silvya Sari, D. (2023). The Role of Sustainable Business Practices in Achieving the SDGS: a Case Study of Rural Agricultural Communities. Edunity Kajian Ilmu Sosial Dan Pendidikan, 2(7), 851–859. https://doi.org/10.57096/edunity.v2i7.138
Natasha, N., AC, A., & Anggoro, Y. A. R. (2025). Strengthening Digital Competence, Digital Leadership, and Employee Resilience in Improving Human Resource Performance in the Digital Era of Public Services. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(2), 326–341. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i2.1219
Nielsen. (2021, June 21). Kehidupan yang Diciptakan Kembali: Perilaku Masyarakat Indonesia Satu Tahun Setelah Pandemi COVID-19. Juni. https://www.nielsen.com/id/news-center/2021/life-reinvented-indonesian-behaviour-one-year-after-the-start-of-the-covid-19-pandemic/
Nilam, E. B., Pangaribuan, C. H., & Thaib, D. (2024). The Effect Of Green Transformational Leadership And Green Human Resource Management On Environmental Performance With Green Innovation As A Mediating Variable At PT Induksarana Kemasindo In Jakarta. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 4(8). https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i8.894
Nusraningrum, D., Mekar, T. M., Ahmad, F. S., Wibowo, M. W., & Hanafiah, A. (2023). Improving the Green Behavior of Millennials at HEIs: Green Transformational Leadership and Digital Green Campaign on Green Thinking in Indonesia. Migration Letters, 20(7), 1203–1220.
Özgül, B., & Demir, İ. (2024). The mediating role of green perceived organizational support in the relationship between green transformational leadership and green self-efficacy. Social Responsibility Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2024-0350
Paroli, P. (2025). Transforming Human Resource Planning: Building a Strong Foundation for Achieving Good Governance. Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education, 5(1), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v5i1.919
Qadir, F., & Chaudhry, S. A. (2024). Green Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Its Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of The Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship. The Asian Bulletin of Green Management and Circular Economy, 4(1), 74–98. https://doi.org/10.62019/abgmce.v4i1.45
Rafique, S., Tanveer, Y., Sadiq, S., & Tariq, A. (2024). Mediation of Green Perceived Organizational Support between Green Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Performance. The Asian Bulletin of Big Data Management, 4(3), 173–191. https://doi.org/10.62019/abbdm.v4i3.228
Rubel, M. R. B., Kee, D. M. H., & Rimi, N. N. (2025). Unpacking the eco-friendly path: exploring organizational green initiatives, green perceived organizational support, and employee green behavior. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2024-046
Saleem, F., Mateou, S., & Malik, M. I. (2024). How Green Transformational Leaders Trigger Environmental Performance? Unleashing the Missing Links Through Green Self-Efficacy, Green Empowerment, and Green Training of Employees. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229982
Setyaningrum, R. P., Ratnasari, S. L., Soelistya, D., Purwati, T., Desembrianita, E., & Fahlevi, M. (2024). Green human resource management and millennial retention in Indonesian tech startups: mediating roles of job expectations and self-efficacy. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2348718
Sh. Ahmad, F., Rosli, N. T., & Quoquab, F. (2022). Environmental quality awareness, green trust, green self-efficacy, and environmental attitude influence green purchase behaviour. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(1), 68–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-05-2020-0072
Sivapatham, C. S., Bin Abd Aziz, S. A., Chin, A. T. M., Bin Mustapha Kamil, M. A., Achuthan, S., & Kanapathipillai, K. (2022). The Impact Of Social Media On Gen-Y Employees' Work Performance In A Telco, Malaysia. European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejmms.v7i4.1293
Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A., Gharbi, H., & Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2022). Going Green Together: Effects of Green Transformational Leadership on Employee Green Behaviour and Environmental Performance in the Saudi Food Industry. Agriculture (Switzerland), 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081100
Taherdoost, H. (2022). Designing a Questionnaire for a Research Paper: A Comprehensive Guide to Design and Develop an Effective Questionnaire. Asian Journal of Managerial Science, 11(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2022.11.1.3087
Tantawi, R., & Noviana, A. H. (2024). Employee Green Behavior's Impact on Sustainable Environmental Performance: Exploring The Mediating-Moderating Roles of Perceived Organizational Support and Self-Efficacy.
Wang, W., Cao, Q., Zhuo, C., Mou, Y., Pu, Z., & Zhou, Y. (2021). COVID-19 to Green Entrepreneurial Intention: Role of Green Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Optimism, Ecological Values, Social Responsibility, and Green Entrepreneurial Motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732904
Willie, M. (2024). Leveraging Digital Resources: A Resource-Based View Perspective. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 01–14. https://doi.org/10.52970/grhrm.v5i1.415
Wisanggeni, N. U. B., Kurniasih, R. D., Pratama, A., & Astuti, H. J. (2023). The Influence of Entrepreneurial Motivation, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Orientation Toward Green Entrepreneurial Intention. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Islamic Studies, 4(1), 80–85.
Yudhaputri, E. A., Emilisa, N., & Lunarindiah, G. (2021). Differences between Generation X and Generation Y in Job Involvement and Commitment: A Study in Event Organizer Companies. In Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research (Vol. 10).