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Abstract
This paper thoroughly explores the foundational principles governing population and target population concepts within research methodology. It delves into the essential roles these concepts play in shaping the design and influencing the interpretation of research studies. Through an exhaustive analysis, it meticulously outlines the nuances that differentiate these two concepts, elucidating their respective contributions and implications across diverse research paradigms. Moreover, this paper underscores the importance of establishing clear definitions and boundaries for both the population and the target population. It emphasises how such precision is indispensable in guiding the formulation of effective sampling strategies, which are pivotal for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of study outcomes. Furthermore, it sheds light on how the clarity in defining these concepts significantly impacts the generalizability of research findings, elucidating how findings derived from a well-defined target population can be more confidently extrapolated to broader populations. In addition to methodological considerations, this paper investigates the ethical dimensions inherent in delineating population and target population. It underscores the moral imperative of accurately representing the groups under study, particularly ensuring equitable access to research participation and safeguarding against potential biases.
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References
- Alvi, M. H. (2016). A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research. Pakistan: University of Karachi, Iqra University.
- Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, Target, and Accessible Population: Demystifying the Concepts for Effective Sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607-1622. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2017.2674
- Banerjee, A., & Chaudhury, S. (2010). Statistics without tears: Populations and samples. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 19(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.77642
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In A. M. Nezu, C. M. Nezu, & P. A. Geller (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Casteel, A., & Bridier, N. L. (2021). Describing populations and samples in doctoral student research. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 16, 339-362. https://doi.org/10.28945/4766
- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 4th Edition, Sage, Newbury Park.
- Dattalo, P. (2010). Ethical dilemmas in sampling. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 7(1). Retrieved from https://jswve.org/download/2010-1-1/.
- Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. 2nd Edition, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi.
- Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2014). Practical Research: Planning and Design (10th ed.). Edinburgh Gate: Pearson Education.
- Martínez-Mesa, J., González-Chica, D. A., Duquia, R. P., Bonamigo, R. R., & Bastos, J. L. (2016). Sampling: How do I select participants for my research study? Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 91(3), 326–330.
- Shringarpure, S., & Xing, E. P. (2014). Effects of sample selection bias on the accuracy of population structure and ancestry inference. G3 (Bethesda), 4(5), 901-911. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.113.007633
- Simundić, A. M. (2013). Bias in research. Biochemia Medica (Zagreb), 23(1), 12-5. https://doi.org/10.11613/bm.2013.003
- Trochim, W. M., & Donnelly, J. P. (2006). The Research Methods Knowledge Base. 3rd Edition, Atomic Dog, Cincinnati, OH.
- Willie, M. M. (2022). Differentiating Between Population and Target Population in Research Studies. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, 2(6), Article 14. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v2-i6-14.
References
Alvi, M. H. (2016). A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research. Pakistan: University of Karachi, Iqra University.
Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, Target, and Accessible Population: Demystifying the Concepts for Effective Sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607-1622. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2017.2674
Banerjee, A., & Chaudhury, S. (2010). Statistics without tears: Populations and samples. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 19(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.77642
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In A. M. Nezu, C. M. Nezu, & P. A. Geller (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Casteel, A., & Bridier, N. L. (2021). Describing populations and samples in doctoral student research. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 16, 339-362. https://doi.org/10.28945/4766
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 4th Edition, Sage, Newbury Park.
Dattalo, P. (2010). Ethical dilemmas in sampling. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 7(1). Retrieved from https://jswve.org/download/2010-1-1/.
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. 2nd Edition, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi.
Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2014). Practical Research: Planning and Design (10th ed.). Edinburgh Gate: Pearson Education.
Martínez-Mesa, J., González-Chica, D. A., Duquia, R. P., Bonamigo, R. R., & Bastos, J. L. (2016). Sampling: How do I select participants for my research study? Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 91(3), 326–330.
Shringarpure, S., & Xing, E. P. (2014). Effects of sample selection bias on the accuracy of population structure and ancestry inference. G3 (Bethesda), 4(5), 901-911. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.113.007633
Simundić, A. M. (2013). Bias in research. Biochemia Medica (Zagreb), 23(1), 12-5. https://doi.org/10.11613/bm.2013.003
Trochim, W. M., & Donnelly, J. P. (2006). The Research Methods Knowledge Base. 3rd Edition, Atomic Dog, Cincinnati, OH.
Willie, M. M. (2022). Differentiating Between Population and Target Population in Research Studies. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, 2(6), Article 14. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v2-i6-14.