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Abstract
This study aims to explore the concept of national economic resilience, specifically in the context of global economic crises, from a macroeconomic perspective. The primary objective is to examine the factors contributing to economic resilience, including fiscal and monetary policies, structural reforms, institutional quality, and international cooperation. This research utilizes a qualitative methodology, focusing on a systematic literature review of existing studies, academic articles, and policy reports related to economic resilience. The analysis of the literature allows for a comprehensive understanding of how nations absorb, adapt to, and recover from external shocks, with a particular focus on the role of macroeconomic policies and structural reforms in fostering resilience. The findings reveal that effective fiscal and monetary policies, alongside proactive structural reforms, are essential for enhancing economic resilience. Moreover, strong institutions and international cooperation are critical in supporting national economies during times of crisis. The study also highlights the importance of measuring resilience in a more comprehensive manner, integrating both short-term recovery and long-term adaptability. One of the key findings is that economies with strong institutional frameworks and flexible policies are better equipped to handle global shocks and recover more quickly. The research further suggests that developing countries face unique challenges and need tailored strategies to enhance their resilience. Overall, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on economic resilience, offering valuable insights for policymakers and researchers aiming to improve national economic stability in an increasingly interconnected global economy.
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References
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References
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2001). The colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical investigation. American Economic Review, 91(5), 1369-1401. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.5.1369
Auerbach, A. J., & Gorodnichenko, Y. (2012). Fiscal multipliers in recession and expansion. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2012(1), 1-56. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2031686
Blanchard, O. (2020). Public debt and low interest rates. IMF Economic Review, 68(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41308-019-00108-0
Blanchard, O. (2020). Public Debt and Low Interest Rates. In IMF Economic Review.
Feldstein, M. (2002). The role of the IMF in crisis management. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 9204. https://doi.org/10.3386/w9204
Feldstein, M. (2002). The role of the IMF in crisis management. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 9204. https://doi.org/10.3386/w9204Rose, A. (2007). The Internationalization of the Global Economy and the Economic Resilience of Developing Countries. In World Economy.
Fujita, M. (2009). The Role of Spatial Economics in Understanding Economic Resilience. In Regional Studies.
Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2015). On the notion of regional economic resilience: Conceptualization and evidence. In Regional Studies.
Martin, R., Sunley, P., & Tyler, P. (2016). The Role of Regional Resilience in Economic Recovery. In Economic Geography.
Ostry, J. D., Berg, A., & Tsangarides, C. G. (2016). The effects of financial crises on economic growth: A review of the literature. Journal of Economic Literature, 54(2), 253-276. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.54.2.253
Rodrik, D. (2011). The globalization paradox: Democracy and the future of the world economy. W.W. Norton & Company.
Rose, A. (2004). Economic Resilience to Disasters. In Journal of Regional Science.
Rose, A. (2004). Economic resilience to disasters. Journal of Regional Science, 44(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-4146.2004.00668.x
Rose, A. (2007). The internationalization of the global economy and the economic resilience of developing countries. World Economy, 30(5), 726-743. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2007.01007.x
UNCTAD (2020). Economic Resilience of Developing Economies: Challenges and Opportunities. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.