Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims: to test and analyze the influence of leadership style, employee commitment, work motivation, and work climate on employee job satisfaction with direct and indirect effects. This study uses primary data from a survey of 221 employees as sample. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The results showed that: (1) empirically, the leadership style, employees commitment, work motivation, and work climate had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction; (2) employees commitment, work motivation, and work climate have a positive and significant effect on employees performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable, while leadership style has no significant effect; (3) employee commitment, work motivation, and work climate indirectly have a positive and significant effect on employees performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable, while the leadership style has no significant effect; and (4) job satisfaction has a positive and significant direct influence on employees performance. This study suggested that work motivation, employee commitment, and work climate that provide significant influence need to be maintained, while leadership styles that have insignificant influence on employee performance need to be improved and prioritized as the company's efforts to improve job satisfaction and employee performance.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Adiguzel, Z., Ozcinar, M. F., & Karadal, H. (2020). Does servant leadership moderate the link between strategic human resource management on rule breaking and job satisfaction? European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.04.002
- Burritt, R. L., Herzig, C., Schaltegger, S., & Viere, T. (2019). Diffusion of environmental management accounting for cleaner production: Evidence from some case studies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 224, 479–491. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.227
- Cho, H., Li, C., & Wu, Y. (2020). Understanding sport event volunteers’ continuance intention: An environmental psychology approach. Sport Management Review, 23(4), 615–625. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.08.006
- Ciobanu, A., & Androniceanu, A. (2015). Civil Servants Motivation and Work Performance in Romanian Public Institutions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 30, 164–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01280-0
- Cook, A. (Sasha), Zill, A., & Meyer, B. (2020). Observing leadership as behavior in teams and herds – An ethological approach to shared leadership research. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(2), 101296. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.05.003
- Costantino, A., Comba, L., Sicardi, G., Bariani, M., & Fabrizio, E. (2021). Energy performance and climate control in mechanically ventilated greenhouses: A dynamic modelling-based assessment and investigation. Applied Energy, 288, 116583. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116583
- Fein, E. C., Tziner, A., & Vasiliu, C. (2021). Perceptions of ethical climate and organizational justice as antecedents to employee performance: The mediating role of employees’ attributions of leader effectiveness. European Management Journal. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.11.003
- Feng, C., Patel, P. C., & Sivakumar, K. (2020). Chief global officers, geographical sales dispersion, and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 121, 58–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.011
- Fernando, G. D., Jain, S. S., & Tripathy, A. (2020). This cloud has a silver lining: Gender diversity, managerial ability, and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 117, 484–496. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.042
- Forster, G., & Fenwick, J. (2015). The influence of Islamic values on management practice in Morocco. European Management Journal, 33(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2014.04.002
- Georgakakis, D., & Buyl, T. (2020). Guardians of the previous regime: Post-CEO succession factional subgroups and firm performance. Long Range Planning, 53(3), 101971. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2020.101971
- González-Cruz, T. F., Botella-Carrubi, D., & Martínez-Fuentes, C. M. (2019). Supervisor leadership style, employee regulatory focus, and leadership performance: A perspectivism approach. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.065
- Haar, J., O’Kane, C., & Cunningham, J. A. (2022). Firm-level antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding climate. Journal of Business Research, 141, 410–421. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.034
- Hu, W., Luo, J., Chen, Z., & Zhong, J. (2020). Ambidextrous leaders helping newcomers get on board: Achieving adjustment and proaction through distinct pathways. Journal of Business Research, 118, 406–414. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.064
- Ibrahim, S., & Heng, L. H. (2015). The Roles of Learning in Stimulating Knowledge Sharing at SMEs. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 230–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.359
- Liu, C.-H. S., & Huang, Y.-C. (2020). The influence of transformational leadership on subordinate creative behaviour development process. Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100742. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100742
- Markos, S., Sandhya, M., & Professor, S. (2010). Employee Engagement: The Key to Improving Performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 89. https://doi.org/E-ISSN 1833-8119
- Miller, A. J., Slater, M. J., & Turner, M. J. (2021). The influence of identity leadership principles on followers’ challenge and threat states and motor performance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 54, 101909. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101909
- Palma, R., Crisci, A., & Mangia, G. (2021). Public service motivation- individual performance relationship: Does user orientation matter? Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 73, 100818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2020.100818
- Ronay, R., Maddux, W. W., & von Hippel, W. (2020). Inequality rules: Resource distribution and the evolution of dominance- and prestige-based leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(2), 101246. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.04.004
- Schwepker, C. H., & Dimitriou, C. K. (2021). Using ethical leadership to reduce job stress and improve performance quality in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 102860. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102860
- Super, J. F. (2020). Building innovative teams: Leadership strategies across the various stages of team development. Business Horizons, 63(4), 553–563. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.04.001
- Swanson, E., Kim, S., Lee, S.-M., Yang, J.-J., & Lee, Y.-K. (2020). The effect of leader competencies on knowledge sharing and job performance: Social capital theory. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 42, 88–96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.11.004
- Tajeddini, K., Martin, E., & Altinay, L. (2020). The importance of human-related factors on service innovation and performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 85, 102431. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102431
- Tefera, C. A., & Hunsaker, W. D. (2020). Intangible assets and organizational citizenship behavior: A conceptual model. Heliyon, 6(7), e04497. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04497
- Treuren, G. J. M., & Fein, E. C. (2021). Perceptions of ethical climate and organizational justice as antecedents to employee performance: The mediating role of employees’ attributions of leader effectiveness. European Management Journal. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.11.003
- Zhang, B., Dong, Y., Zhang, H., & Pedrycz, W. (2020). Consensus mechanism with maximum-return modifications and minimum-cost feedback: A perspective of game theory. European Journal of Operational Research, 287(2), 546–559. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.04.014
References
Adiguzel, Z., Ozcinar, M. F., & Karadal, H. (2020). Does servant leadership moderate the link between strategic human resource management on rule breaking and job satisfaction? European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.04.002
Burritt, R. L., Herzig, C., Schaltegger, S., & Viere, T. (2019). Diffusion of environmental management accounting for cleaner production: Evidence from some case studies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 224, 479–491. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.227
Cho, H., Li, C., & Wu, Y. (2020). Understanding sport event volunteers’ continuance intention: An environmental psychology approach. Sport Management Review, 23(4), 615–625. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.08.006
Ciobanu, A., & Androniceanu, A. (2015). Civil Servants Motivation and Work Performance in Romanian Public Institutions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 30, 164–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01280-0
Cook, A. (Sasha), Zill, A., & Meyer, B. (2020). Observing leadership as behavior in teams and herds – An ethological approach to shared leadership research. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(2), 101296. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.05.003
Costantino, A., Comba, L., Sicardi, G., Bariani, M., & Fabrizio, E. (2021). Energy performance and climate control in mechanically ventilated greenhouses: A dynamic modelling-based assessment and investigation. Applied Energy, 288, 116583. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116583
Fein, E. C., Tziner, A., & Vasiliu, C. (2021). Perceptions of ethical climate and organizational justice as antecedents to employee performance: The mediating role of employees’ attributions of leader effectiveness. European Management Journal. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.11.003
Feng, C., Patel, P. C., & Sivakumar, K. (2020). Chief global officers, geographical sales dispersion, and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 121, 58–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.011
Fernando, G. D., Jain, S. S., & Tripathy, A. (2020). This cloud has a silver lining: Gender diversity, managerial ability, and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 117, 484–496. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.042
Forster, G., & Fenwick, J. (2015). The influence of Islamic values on management practice in Morocco. European Management Journal, 33(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2014.04.002
Georgakakis, D., & Buyl, T. (2020). Guardians of the previous regime: Post-CEO succession factional subgroups and firm performance. Long Range Planning, 53(3), 101971. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2020.101971
González-Cruz, T. F., Botella-Carrubi, D., & Martínez-Fuentes, C. M. (2019). Supervisor leadership style, employee regulatory focus, and leadership performance: A perspectivism approach. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.065
Haar, J., O’Kane, C., & Cunningham, J. A. (2022). Firm-level antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding climate. Journal of Business Research, 141, 410–421. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.034
Hu, W., Luo, J., Chen, Z., & Zhong, J. (2020). Ambidextrous leaders helping newcomers get on board: Achieving adjustment and proaction through distinct pathways. Journal of Business Research, 118, 406–414. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.064
Ibrahim, S., & Heng, L. H. (2015). The Roles of Learning in Stimulating Knowledge Sharing at SMEs. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 230–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.359
Liu, C.-H. S., & Huang, Y.-C. (2020). The influence of transformational leadership on subordinate creative behaviour development process. Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100742. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100742
Markos, S., Sandhya, M., & Professor, S. (2010). Employee Engagement: The Key to Improving Performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 89. https://doi.org/E-ISSN 1833-8119
Miller, A. J., Slater, M. J., & Turner, M. J. (2021). The influence of identity leadership principles on followers’ challenge and threat states and motor performance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 54, 101909. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101909
Palma, R., Crisci, A., & Mangia, G. (2021). Public service motivation- individual performance relationship: Does user orientation matter? Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 73, 100818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2020.100818
Ronay, R., Maddux, W. W., & von Hippel, W. (2020). Inequality rules: Resource distribution and the evolution of dominance- and prestige-based leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(2), 101246. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.04.004
Schwepker, C. H., & Dimitriou, C. K. (2021). Using ethical leadership to reduce job stress and improve performance quality in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 102860. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102860
Super, J. F. (2020). Building innovative teams: Leadership strategies across the various stages of team development. Business Horizons, 63(4), 553–563. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.04.001
Swanson, E., Kim, S., Lee, S.-M., Yang, J.-J., & Lee, Y.-K. (2020). The effect of leader competencies on knowledge sharing and job performance: Social capital theory. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 42, 88–96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.11.004
Tajeddini, K., Martin, E., & Altinay, L. (2020). The importance of human-related factors on service innovation and performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 85, 102431. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102431
Tefera, C. A., & Hunsaker, W. D. (2020). Intangible assets and organizational citizenship behavior: A conceptual model. Heliyon, 6(7), e04497. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04497
Treuren, G. J. M., & Fein, E. C. (2021). Perceptions of ethical climate and organizational justice as antecedents to employee performance: The mediating role of employees’ attributions of leader effectiveness. European Management Journal. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.11.003
Zhang, B., Dong, Y., Zhang, H., & Pedrycz, W. (2020). Consensus mechanism with maximum-return modifications and minimum-cost feedback: A perspective of game theory. European Journal of Operational Research, 287(2), 546–559. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.04.014