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Abstract
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of play activities in developing the characters of patience and sharing among children aged 3–4 years at the Setia Hati Playgroup in Gawang. The background of this research is based on the importance of character education from an early age as a foundation for shaping children’s personalities. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) consisting of two cycles, each including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects consisted of 9 children. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation, and field notes. The results of the study show that group play activities, role-playing, and turn-taking games can improve children’s ability to demonstrate patient and sharing behaviors. The percentage of the development of patience increased from 45% in the pre-cycle to 82% in Cycle II, while the sharing character increased from 50% to 85%. Thus, play activities are effective in developing patience and sharing characters in early childhood.
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References
- References
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- Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. (2003). Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. Government of Indonesia.
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- Rakhmawati, R., Baehaqi, S., & Abidin, Z. (2024). Improving early childhood character through strengthening the implementation of character education. Bulletin of Science Education.
- Ramani, G. B., & Brownell, C. A. (2016). Cooperative play and social development in early childhood. Child Development Perspectives, 10(2), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12161
- Sitorus, R. W., Siregar, K. P., & Sari, R. I. (2025). The role of play-based learning in early childhood development. Educia Journal.
- Vygotsky, L. S. (2016). Play and its role in the mental development of the child. Psychology Press. (Original work published 1978)
- Wasi’ah, S. N., & Herawati, W. (2024). Enhancing early childhood learning through interactive play-based approaches. EduSpirit: Jurnal Pendidikan Kolaboratif.
- Whitebread, D., Basilio, M., Kuvalja, M., & Verma, M. (2017). The importance of play in early childhood development. Cambridge University Press.
References
References
Amir, I., Rohmadheny, P. S., Purnama, S., Rosada, U. D., & Maharani, E. A. (2024). Play-based learning in practice: An exploration of early childhood education teachers’ experiences in Yogyakarta. Journal of Early Childhood Care and Education.
Berk, L. E. (2018). Development through the lifespan (7th ed.). Pearson.
Bjorklund, D. F., & Causey, K. B. (2018). Children’s thinking: Cognitive development and individual differences (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Borba, M. (2016). UnSelfie: Why empathetic kids succeed in our all-about-me world. Simon & Schuster.
Denham, S. A., Bassett, H. H., & Wyatt, T. (2017). The socialization of emotional competence. Child Development Perspectives, 11(2), 128–134.
Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Knafo-Noam, A. (2015). Prosocial development. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science. Wiley.
Hafidhoh, H., Fatahillah, M., & Habib, N. E. (2025). Enhancing early childhood development aged 4–6 years through role-playing method. JOYCED: Journal of Early Childhood Education.
Lickona, T. (2013). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam Books.
______, T. (2016). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam Books.
Maryani, T., Yudha, R. P., Baihaqy, H., & Izatovna, T. S. (2024). The influence of character education and attitude cultivation on social development in early childhood. Journal of Childhood Development.
Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. (2003). Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. Government of Indonesia.
MY, N., Ardiansyah, M., & Sarbani, A. A. (2025). Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Melalui Model Project Based Learning dengan Pendekatan TPACK. Pinisi Journal PGSD, 5(1), 62-68.
Nurfadila, M. Y. (2024). Junior Leadership Program: Empowering Elementary Students to Develop 4C Skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, Collaboration). Advances in Community Services Research, 2(2), 74-86.
Nurfadila, M. Y., Nurlina, N., & Ma’ruf, M. R. (2023). Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students Through Integrated Problem-Based Learning Model with Mind Mapping. EDUKASIA Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 1373-1380.
Rakhmawati, R., Baehaqi, S., & Abidin, Z. (2024). Improving early childhood character through strengthening the implementation of character education. Bulletin of Science Education.
Ramani, G. B., & Brownell, C. A. (2016). Cooperative play and social development in early childhood. Child Development Perspectives, 10(2), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12161
Sitorus, R. W., Siregar, K. P., & Sari, R. I. (2025). The role of play-based learning in early childhood development. Educia Journal.
Vygotsky, L. S. (2016). Play and its role in the mental development of the child. Psychology Press. (Original work published 1978)
Wasi’ah, S. N., & Herawati, W. (2024). Enhancing early childhood learning through interactive play-based approaches. EduSpirit: Jurnal Pendidikan Kolaboratif.
Whitebread, D., Basilio, M., Kuvalja, M., & Verma, M. (2017). The importance of play in early childhood development. Cambridge University Press.