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Abstract
This research aims to analyze the concept of state responsibility towards natural disaster victims. Case study on the impact of the earthquake in West Sulawesi in 2021. The approach used is a philosophical approach. The research method used is a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach. The primary data used consists of interview data conducted with the Head of the BPBD of West Sulawesi Province, the Head of the Social Service of West Sulawesi Province, the Head of Law and Human Rights of West Sulawesi, and the community victims of Natural Disasters in West Sulawesi Province. The secondary data used includes (1) Primary legal materials, which are all related regulations such as the 1945 Constitution and Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights. (2) Secondary legal materials, which provide explanations of primary legal materials in the form of laws written in journals by legal scholars, and theories or opinions of experts such as the theories used, namely the theory of state responsibility, the theory of legal protection, and the theory of human rights. (3) Tertiary legal materials, which provide guidance in the form of dictionaries, encyclopedias, and books that explain primary and secondary legal materials. The research results show that the sustainability of victim handling and the effectiveness of social assistance guarantee implementation are influential factors on the state's responsibility towards natural disaster victims. The importance of human rights-based policies, coordination between the central, provincial, and regional governments, and the fulfillment of basic needs to ensure the state's responsibility towards victims are met.
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References
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References
Abdul Manan (2006), Aspek-aspek Pengubah Hukum, Kencana, Jakarta
Abdul Azis Hakim (2011), Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi Indonesia, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta
Andi Hamzah (1986), Kamus Hukum, Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta
Andreas Pramudianto (2014), Hukum Perjanjian Internasional, cet. Pertama, Setara Press, Malang
Azhar (2003), Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan di Indonesia, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang
Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional (2011), Analisa dan Evaluasi UU No. 24 Tahun 2007 Tentang Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, Jakarta
Budiman Chandra, Pengantar Kesehatan Lingkungan, EGC, Jakarta
Hadi Purnomo dan Ronny Sugiantoro (2010), Manajemen Bencana Prespon dan Tindakan Terhadap Bencana, Metpress, Yogyakarta.
Hidjaz, K. (2019). Effectiveness of Environmental Policy Enforcement and The Impact by Industrial Mining, Energy, Mineral, And Gas Activities In Indonesia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(6), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8146
Khamdan, Muh. dan Naniek Pangestuti (2017), Pelanggalaran HAM, Pusat Pengembangan Diklat Teknis dan Kepemimpinan Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Hukum dan HAM
Nurul Qamar (2022), Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Negara Hukum Demokrasi (Human Right in Democratiche Rechtstaat), Sinar Grafika, Jakarta
Purnomo, Hadi dan Sugiantoro, Ronny (2010), Manajemen Bencana: Respon dan Tindakan Terhadap Bencana. Media Pressindo, Yogyakarta.
Rahman Tanjung, dkk (2020), Manajemen Mitigasi Bencana, Penerbit Widana, Bandung.
Syahruddin Nawi (2018), Penelitian Normatif versus Penelitian Hukum Empiris, Penerbit Umitoha Grafika, Makassar
Takdir Rahmadi (2015), Hukum Lingkungan di Indonesia, cet.2, Rajawali Press, Jakarta