Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of low self-confidence on the social development of early childhood at TK Tri Kusumo. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was employed to analyze the relationship between low self-confidence (X) and children’s social development (Y). The sample consisted of 25 children aged 4–6 years selected through total sampling. Data were collected using observation and structured questionnaires based on predefined indicators of both variables. The data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test. The findings revealed that the level of low self-confidence among children was relatively high, as indicated by behaviors such as shyness, hesitation in speaking, and reluctance to perform in front of others. Meanwhile, children’s social development was found to be suboptimal, particularly in communication, interaction, and cooperation skills. The correlation analysis showed a coefficient value of r = -0.67, indicating a strong negative relationship between low self-confidence and social development. This suggests that higher levels of low self-confidence are associated with lower levels of social development. Therefore, enhancing children’s self-confidence through supportive learning environments and appropriate stimulation from teachers and parents is essential to optimize their social development.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Aini, A. N., Setiadi, A. C., Mahdavika, A., & Nabilah, S. U. (2021). Analisis kepercayaan diri anak usia dini dalam kajian studi sosial. JP2KG AUD (Jurnal Pendidikan, Pengasuhan, Kesehatan dan Gizi Anak Usia Dini), 2(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.26740/jp2kgaud.2021.2.1.41-48
- Arsyad, M. N. F., & Burhanuddi, S. (2025). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Senam Lantai dengan Model Game-Based Learning Kelas V SDN Mattoanging II Kota Makassar. Jurnal Olahraga Indragiri, 9(2), 198-207.
- Asni, A., & Asqia, N. (2024). Analisis penyebab perilaku kurang percaya diri terhadap perkembangan sosial anak usia dini. Kumaracitta: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 48–60.
- Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130–136.
- Baumrind, D. (2017). Differentiating normal and deviant developmental trajectories in children’s socialization. Journal of Child Development Research, 2017, 1–10.
- Chan, S., Wong, K., & Yip, H. (2020). Self-confidence and social interaction among early childhood learners. Early Childhood Education Journal, 48(5), 567–576.
- Dhiu, K. D., & Fono, Y. M. (2022). Pola asuh orang tua terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini. EDUKIDS: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.51878/edukids.v2i1.1328
- Ferdiansyah, R., Putri, D., & Lestari, A. (2024). The relationship between self-confidence and children’s social interaction skills. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 12(1), 45–58.
- Ginting, M. (2023). Factors influencing children’s self-confidence in early education settings. International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 9(2), 101–112.
- Humaida, R., Munastiwi, E., Irbah, A. N., & Fauziah, N. (2022). Strategi mengembangkan rasa percaya diri pada anak usia dini. Kindergarten: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Indonesia, 1(2), 55–69.
- Kartika Yudha, F., Rusilowati, U., Johnson, D., & Pujiati, T. (2024). Meningkatkan perkembangan sosial anak usia dini melalui pendidikan karakter. Mentari, 3(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.33050/mentari.v3i1
- Larasani, N., Yeni, I., & Mayar, F. (2020). Hubungan pola asuh orangtua dengan kepercayaan diri anak usia dini di taman kanak-kanak. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 4(3), 2368–2374.
- Muzzamil, F., Fatimah, S., & Hasanah, R. (n.d.). Pengaruh lingkungan terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Murangkalih: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.
- Nurmalasari, R., & Chairilsyah, D. (2021). Emotional intelligence and self-confidence in early childhood development. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 1234–1245.
- Parveen, S., Ahmad, M., & Rahman, F. (2025). Internal and external determinants of self-confidence in children. Child Development Perspectives, 19(1), 33–41.
- Santrock, J. W. (2021). Life-span development (18th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Sitorus, A. S. (2023). Kepercayaan diri, keterampilan sosial dan emosional anak: Studi korelasional dan stimulasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Undiksha, 11(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.23887/paud.v11i1.54350
- Sitorus, L. (2023). Correlation between self-confidence and social-emotional skills in early childhood. Journal of Educational Psychology and Development, 7(3), 210–219.
- Suyadi, & Ulfah, M. (2017). Konsep dasar PAUD. Remaja Rosdakarya.
- Taurina, K., & Intisari, I. (2024). Studi kasus perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini. Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal, 2(1), 188–193. https://doi.org/10.59638/ihyaulum.v2i1.141
- Troshikhina, E. G., & Manukyan, V. R. (2016). Self-esteem and emotional development of young children in connection with mothers’ parental attitudes. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 233, 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.156
- Vygotsky, L. S. (2019). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
- Yulianti, E., Prabandari, Z. A., Wahyuningtyas, A., & Komalasari, D. (2025). Peran orang tua dalam menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Terpadu, 9(1).
References
Aini, A. N., Setiadi, A. C., Mahdavika, A., & Nabilah, S. U. (2021). Analisis kepercayaan diri anak usia dini dalam kajian studi sosial. JP2KG AUD (Jurnal Pendidikan, Pengasuhan, Kesehatan dan Gizi Anak Usia Dini), 2(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.26740/jp2kgaud.2021.2.1.41-48
Arsyad, M. N. F., & Burhanuddi, S. (2025). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Senam Lantai dengan Model Game-Based Learning Kelas V SDN Mattoanging II Kota Makassar. Jurnal Olahraga Indragiri, 9(2), 198-207.
Asni, A., & Asqia, N. (2024). Analisis penyebab perilaku kurang percaya diri terhadap perkembangan sosial anak usia dini. Kumaracitta: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 48–60.
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130–136.
Baumrind, D. (2017). Differentiating normal and deviant developmental trajectories in children’s socialization. Journal of Child Development Research, 2017, 1–10.
Chan, S., Wong, K., & Yip, H. (2020). Self-confidence and social interaction among early childhood learners. Early Childhood Education Journal, 48(5), 567–576.
Dhiu, K. D., & Fono, Y. M. (2022). Pola asuh orang tua terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini. EDUKIDS: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.51878/edukids.v2i1.1328
Ferdiansyah, R., Putri, D., & Lestari, A. (2024). The relationship between self-confidence and children’s social interaction skills. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 12(1), 45–58.
Ginting, M. (2023). Factors influencing children’s self-confidence in early education settings. International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 9(2), 101–112.
Humaida, R., Munastiwi, E., Irbah, A. N., & Fauziah, N. (2022). Strategi mengembangkan rasa percaya diri pada anak usia dini. Kindergarten: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Indonesia, 1(2), 55–69.
Kartika Yudha, F., Rusilowati, U., Johnson, D., & Pujiati, T. (2024). Meningkatkan perkembangan sosial anak usia dini melalui pendidikan karakter. Mentari, 3(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.33050/mentari.v3i1
Larasani, N., Yeni, I., & Mayar, F. (2020). Hubungan pola asuh orangtua dengan kepercayaan diri anak usia dini di taman kanak-kanak. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 4(3), 2368–2374.
Muzzamil, F., Fatimah, S., & Hasanah, R. (n.d.). Pengaruh lingkungan terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Murangkalih: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.
Nurmalasari, R., & Chairilsyah, D. (2021). Emotional intelligence and self-confidence in early childhood development. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 1234–1245.
Parveen, S., Ahmad, M., & Rahman, F. (2025). Internal and external determinants of self-confidence in children. Child Development Perspectives, 19(1), 33–41.
Santrock, J. W. (2021). Life-span development (18th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Sitorus, A. S. (2023). Kepercayaan diri, keterampilan sosial dan emosional anak: Studi korelasional dan stimulasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Undiksha, 11(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.23887/paud.v11i1.54350
Sitorus, L. (2023). Correlation between self-confidence and social-emotional skills in early childhood. Journal of Educational Psychology and Development, 7(3), 210–219.
Suyadi, & Ulfah, M. (2017). Konsep dasar PAUD. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Taurina, K., & Intisari, I. (2024). Studi kasus perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini. Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal, 2(1), 188–193. https://doi.org/10.59638/ihyaulum.v2i1.141
Troshikhina, E. G., & Manukyan, V. R. (2016). Self-esteem and emotional development of young children in connection with mothers’ parental attitudes. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 233, 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.156
Vygotsky, L. S. (2019). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Yulianti, E., Prabandari, Z. A., Wahyuningtyas, A., & Komalasari, D. (2025). Peran orang tua dalam menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Terpadu, 9(1).