A Document Based Analysis of Work Motivation and Leadership in Human Capital Management at Bank Mandiri
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Abstract
This study examines how Bank Mandiri’s disclosed human capital practices relate to work motivation and where leadership is relevant to their implementation. A qualitative descriptive document analysis uses the bank’s 2025 Annual Report as the organizational source and selected academic literature as an interpretive basis. Relevant passages were mapped to five categories covering role alignment, development, performance dialogue, recognition and career outcomes, and workforce indicators. The analysis identifies formal connections among learning opportunities, target setting, appraisal, rewards, and talent management. These connections are interpreted through expectancy, goal-setting, and self-determination theories, supported by needs-based perspectives. Leadership is structurally relevant where supervisors explain expectations, discuss development, provide feedback, and assess contributions. The report records engagement of 90.48% and voluntary resignation of 3.53% in 2025; their simultaneous increase does not establish a causal relationship or a program effect. The study’s contribution is an integrated mapping that separates disclosed arrangements, plausible motivational mechanisms, and questions requiring employee-level evidence. The findings show that public disclosures can identify opportunities for alignment across human capital processes, but cannot establish whether employees experience those processes as fair, supportive, or motivating. Policy presence, employee perceptions, and organizational outcomes therefore remain distinct levels of evidence.
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