Main Article Content
Abstract
Customer loyalty has become a strategic priority for pharmacy service providers due to increasing competition and rising customer expectations for socially responsible healthcare services. While Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been widely recognized as an important strategy for enhancing organizational performance, the mechanisms through which CSR fosters customer loyalty in pharmacy services remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework explaining the role of CSR in enhancing pharmacy customer loyalty through the mediating roles of brand awareness and brand trust. Drawing upon Stakeholder Theory and Relationship Marketing Theory, this paper synthesizes relevant literature on CSR, branding, trust, and customer loyalty within healthcare and service contexts. The proposed framework suggests that CSR initiatives, including community health programs, health education, medication counseling, and preventive healthcare campaigns, strengthen customer loyalty by increasing brand awareness and reinforcing brand trust. This study contributes to the marketing and healthcare literature by integrating these constructs into a comprehensive conceptual model specifically tailored to pharmacy services. The framework also provides practical insights for pharmacy managers seeking to improve long-term customer relationships through socially responsible business practices and offers directions for future empirical research.
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References
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- Abror, A., Wardi, Y., Trinanda, O., & Patrisia, D. (2021). The link between corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Empirical evidence from the Islamic banking industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61, 102558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102558
- Ali, F., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Cobanoglu, C. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Behavioral Intentions in Healthcare Services. Journal of Service Theory and Practice
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- Carroll, A. B. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34(4), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(91)90005-G
- Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. B. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing, 65(2), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.65.2.81.18255
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- Fatma, M., & Khan, I. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Brand Trust. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
- Foroudi, P., Jin, Z., Gupta, S., Melewar, T. C., & Foroudi, M. M. (2018). Influence of innovation capability and customer experience on reputation and loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 86, 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.02.018
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- Pérez, A., & Rodríguez del Bosque, I. R. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Exploring the role of identification, satisfaction and type of company. Journal of Services Marketing, 29(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-10-2013-0272
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- Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2022). PLS-SEM: A Practical Guide. Sage
- Sharma, P., & Foropon, C. (2022). Green and Social Responsibility Practices and Customer Loyalty in Service Organizations. Journal of Business Research.
- Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., & Gremler, D. D. (2021). Services Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus Across the Firm (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
References
Aaker, D. A. (1991). Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name. New York: The Free Press.
Abror, A., Wardi, Y., Trinanda, O., & Patrisia, D. (2021). The link between corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Empirical evidence from the Islamic banking industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61, 102558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102558
Ali, F., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Cobanoglu, C. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Behavioral Intentions in Healthcare Services. Journal of Service Theory and Practice
Barlas, A., Valakosta, A., Katsionis, C., Oikonomou, A., & Brinia, V. (2023). The effect of corporate social responsibility on customer trust and loyalty. Sustainability, 15(2), 1036. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021036
Carroll, A. B. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34(4), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(91)90005-G
Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. B. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing, 65(2), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.65.2.81.18255
Delgado-Ballester, E., & Munuera-Alemán, J. L. (2005). Does brand trust matter to brand equity? Journal of Product and Brand Management, 14(3), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610420510601058
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Ismagilova, E., et al. (2021). Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Emerging Challenges, Opportunities, and Agenda for Research, Practice and Policy. International Journal of Information Management, 57.
Fatma, M., & Rahman, Z. (2016). The CSR's influence on customer responses in Indian banking sector. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.11.008
Fatma, M., & Khan, I. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Brand Trust. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
Foroudi, P., Jin, Z., Gupta, S., Melewar, T. C., & Foroudi, M. M. (2018). Influence of innovation capability and customer experience on reputation and loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 86, 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.02.018
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: Pitman Publishing.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2024). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A New Criterion for Assessing Discriminant Validity in Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Industrial Management & Data Systems
Islam, T., Islam, R., & Pitafi, A. H. (2022). Corporate Social Responsibility, Brand Image, and Customer Loyalty: Evidence from Service Industries. Sustainability.
Javed, S., Rashidin, M. S., & Jian, W. (2021). Predictors and outcome of customer satisfaction: Moderating effect of social trust and corporate social responsibility. Future Business Journal, 7(12), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00055-y
Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700101
Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., & Chernev, A. (2022). Marketing Management (16th ed.). Pearson Education.
Martínez, P., & Rodríguez del Bosque, I. R. (2013). CSR and customer loyalty: The roles of trust, customer identification with the company and satisfaction. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 89–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.05.009
Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58(3), 20–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800302
Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, H. P., & Tran, T. Q. (2024). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty through brand trust and brand reputation. Transportation Research Procedia, 80, 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2024.09.015
Pérez, A., & Rodríguez del Bosque, I. R. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Exploring the role of identification, satisfaction and type of company. Journal of Services Marketing, 29(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-10-2013-0272
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2006). Strategy and society: The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 78–92.
Rather, R. A., & Hollebeek, L. D. (2021). Customer Engagement and Customer Loyalty: The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Research.
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2022). PLS-SEM: A Practical Guide. Sage
Sharma, P., & Foropon, C. (2022). Green and Social Responsibility Practices and Customer Loyalty in Service Organizations. Journal of Business Research.
Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., & Gremler, D. D. (2021). Services Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus Across the Firm (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.