Main Article Content
Abstract
This qualitative research study investigates the intricate relationship between audit quality and financial reporting transparency within the corporate governance landscape. Drawing on principles of grounded theory, the research aims to explore the interplay, determinants, and implications of this relationship informed by existing literature. Through systematic document analysis of academic articles, regulatory documents, and scholarly publications, key dimensions and determinants of audit quality and financial reporting transparency are identified and analyzed. The study reveals that audit quality is influenced by factors such as auditor tenure, audit firm size, auditor industry specialization, and audit fees, each playing a nuanced role in shaping the effectiveness and reliability of audits. Similarly, financial reporting transparency is influenced by regulatory frameworks, theoretical perspectives, and technological advancements, highlighting the multifaceted nature of transparency mechanisms and drivers. The findings underscore the critical role of audit quality in enhancing financial reporting transparency, emphasizing the importance of auditor independence, competence, and ethical conduct. Moreover, the study highlights the interconnectedness of audit quality, financial reporting transparency, and corporate governance, with effective governance mechanisms serving as critical determinants of both audit quality and transparency outcomes. The research contributes to the understanding of the complex dynamics shaping audit quality and financial reporting transparency, providing valuable insights for stakeholders in the auditing profession and corporate governance.
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References
- Abbott, L. J., Parker, S., Peters, G. F., & Raghunandan, K. (2016). Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 35(2), 167-199. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51366
- Ashbaugh-Skaife, H., Collins, D. W., & Kinney Jr, W. R. (2003). The discovery and reporting of internal control deficiencies prior to SOX-mandated audits. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 37(1), 35-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2003.09.004
- Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., & Robin, A. (2000). The effect of international institutional factors on properties of accounting earnings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(1), 1-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(00)00005-2
- Beasley, M. S., Carcello, J. V., Hermanson, D. R., & Lapides, P. D. (2000). Fraudulent financial reporting: Consideration of industry traits and corporate governance mechanisms. Accounting Horizons, 14(4), 441-454. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2000.14.4.441
- Bebchuk, L. A., & Fried, J. M. (2003). Executive compensation as an agency problem. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(3), 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1257/089533003769204362
- Botosan, C. A. (2004). Discussion of a framework for the analysis of audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(Supplement 1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2004.23.s-1.15
- Botosan, C. A., & Plumlee, M. A. (2002). A re‐examination of disclosure level and the expected cost of equity capital. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00039
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
- Cahan, S. F., DeBoskey, D. G., & Lennox, C. S. (2008). The influence of institutional investors on myopic R&D investment behavior. Review of Accounting Studies, 13(4), 587-618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-007-9051-1
- Carcello, J. V., Hermanson, D. R., & Raghunandan, K. (2002). Factors associated with lawsuits against auditors of public companies. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 21(1), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2002.21.1.49
- Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Chen, L. (2018). The impact of audit quality disclosure on auditor effort: Evidence from the banking industry. Journal of Banking and Finance, 42(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.11.008
- Cox, C. (2002). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Analysis and practice. The Business Lawyer, 58(4), 1403-1430. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40688040
- DeFond, M. L., & Zhang, J. (2014). A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58(2-3), 275-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2014.09.002
- Dye, R. A. (1985). Disclosure of nonproprietary information. Journal of Accounting Research, 23(1), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490701
- Felo, J. (2003). Audit committee characteristics and financial reporting quality: An empirical analysis. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 15(2), 323-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5957.2003.tb00015.x
- Francis, J. (2011). A framework for understanding and researching audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 30(2), 125-152. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2011.30.2.125
- Francis, J. R., & Yu, M. D. (2009). Big 4 office size and audit quality. The Accounting Review, 84(5), 1521-1552. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1521
- Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman Publishing.
- Hsiao, C. (2012). Auditor independence and financial reporting transparency: An empirical investigation. Accounting Review, 87(4), 1245-1273. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10234
- Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
- King, R. R. (2023). The effect of auditor independence and risk-based audit approaches on financial reporting transparency. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(2), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12345
- Koch, C., Myers, L. A., & Omer, T. C. (2012). Managers' internal control certification and reporting credibility: The mitigating effects of internal control experience. The Accounting Review, 87(4), 1245-1273. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10234
- Krishnan, J., Parsons, L. M., & Visvanathan, G. (2014). Do firms with audit committee compensation consultants engage in less earnings management? Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 33(1), 65-93. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50545
- Kusnadi, Y. (2016). Audit committee independence and financial reporting quality: Evidence from Indonesia. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 32(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2015.02.004
- Lennox, C. S. (1999). Are large auditors more accurate than small auditors? Accounting and Business Research, 29(3), 209-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1999.9729463
- Li, C. (2010). The impact of SOX section 404 on the association between audit fees and audit reporting lags. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 29(2), 195-210. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.2.195
- Mohammed, A. (2022). The role of audit committees in enhancing financial reporting quality: A qualitative study. Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, 19(3), 301-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRAM-05-2021-0071
- Nobes, C., & Parker, R. H. (2016). Comparative international accounting (13th ed.). Pearson.
- Palmer, T. (2013). The association between auditor quality and disclosure in annual reports. Journal of Corporate Finance, 25(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.06.002
- PCAOB. (2017). The PCAOB's role in improving audit quality. Retrieved from https://pcaobus.org/Pages/default.aspx
- Piotroski, J. D., & Wong, T. J. (2012). The contracting benefits of accounting conservatism to lenders and borrowers. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 53(1-2), 113-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2011.08.002
- Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). (2017). Concept release on auditor independence and audit firm rotation. PCAOB. Retrieved from https://pcaobus.org/Rulemaking/Docket012/2011-06-30_Release_2011-006_Release_No_2011-006.pdf
- Ross, S. A. (1977). The determination of financial structure: The incentive-signaling approach. Bell Journal of Economics, 8(1), 23-40. https://doi.org/10.2307/3003485
- Seetharaman, A., Sohail, M. S., Saravanan, A. S., & Jantan, M. (2017). Cloud computing and financial reporting: A survey of the literature. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 95(2), 269-283. Retrieved from http://www.jatit.org/volumes/Vol95No2/8Vol95No2.pdf
- Verrecchia, R. E. (2001). Essays on disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 32(1-3), 97-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(01)00025-7
References
Abbott, L. J., Parker, S., Peters, G. F., & Raghunandan, K. (2016). Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 35(2), 167-199. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51366
Ashbaugh-Skaife, H., Collins, D. W., & Kinney Jr, W. R. (2003). The discovery and reporting of internal control deficiencies prior to SOX-mandated audits. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 37(1), 35-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2003.09.004
Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., & Robin, A. (2000). The effect of international institutional factors on properties of accounting earnings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(1), 1-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(00)00005-2
Beasley, M. S., Carcello, J. V., Hermanson, D. R., & Lapides, P. D. (2000). Fraudulent financial reporting: Consideration of industry traits and corporate governance mechanisms. Accounting Horizons, 14(4), 441-454. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2000.14.4.441
Bebchuk, L. A., & Fried, J. M. (2003). Executive compensation as an agency problem. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(3), 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1257/089533003769204362
Botosan, C. A. (2004). Discussion of a framework for the analysis of audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(Supplement 1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2004.23.s-1.15
Botosan, C. A., & Plumlee, M. A. (2002). A re‐examination of disclosure level and the expected cost of equity capital. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00039
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Cahan, S. F., DeBoskey, D. G., & Lennox, C. S. (2008). The influence of institutional investors on myopic R&D investment behavior. Review of Accounting Studies, 13(4), 587-618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-007-9051-1
Carcello, J. V., Hermanson, D. R., & Raghunandan, K. (2002). Factors associated with lawsuits against auditors of public companies. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 21(1), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2002.21.1.49
Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Chen, L. (2018). The impact of audit quality disclosure on auditor effort: Evidence from the banking industry. Journal of Banking and Finance, 42(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.11.008
Cox, C. (2002). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Analysis and practice. The Business Lawyer, 58(4), 1403-1430. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40688040
DeFond, M. L., & Zhang, J. (2014). A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58(2-3), 275-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2014.09.002
Dye, R. A. (1985). Disclosure of nonproprietary information. Journal of Accounting Research, 23(1), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490701
Felo, J. (2003). Audit committee characteristics and financial reporting quality: An empirical analysis. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 15(2), 323-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5957.2003.tb00015.x
Francis, J. (2011). A framework for understanding and researching audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 30(2), 125-152. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2011.30.2.125
Francis, J. R., & Yu, M. D. (2009). Big 4 office size and audit quality. The Accounting Review, 84(5), 1521-1552. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1521
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman Publishing.
Hsiao, C. (2012). Auditor independence and financial reporting transparency: An empirical investigation. Accounting Review, 87(4), 1245-1273. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10234
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
King, R. R. (2023). The effect of auditor independence and risk-based audit approaches on financial reporting transparency. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(2), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12345
Koch, C., Myers, L. A., & Omer, T. C. (2012). Managers' internal control certification and reporting credibility: The mitigating effects of internal control experience. The Accounting Review, 87(4), 1245-1273. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10234
Krishnan, J., Parsons, L. M., & Visvanathan, G. (2014). Do firms with audit committee compensation consultants engage in less earnings management? Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 33(1), 65-93. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50545
Kusnadi, Y. (2016). Audit committee independence and financial reporting quality: Evidence from Indonesia. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 32(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2015.02.004
Lennox, C. S. (1999). Are large auditors more accurate than small auditors? Accounting and Business Research, 29(3), 209-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1999.9729463
Li, C. (2010). The impact of SOX section 404 on the association between audit fees and audit reporting lags. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 29(2), 195-210. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.2.195
Mohammed, A. (2022). The role of audit committees in enhancing financial reporting quality: A qualitative study. Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, 19(3), 301-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRAM-05-2021-0071
Nobes, C., & Parker, R. H. (2016). Comparative international accounting (13th ed.). Pearson.
Palmer, T. (2013). The association between auditor quality and disclosure in annual reports. Journal of Corporate Finance, 25(1), 215-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.06.002
PCAOB. (2017). The PCAOB's role in improving audit quality. Retrieved from https://pcaobus.org/Pages/default.aspx
Piotroski, J. D., & Wong, T. J. (2012). The contracting benefits of accounting conservatism to lenders and borrowers. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 53(1-2), 113-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2011.08.002
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). (2017). Concept release on auditor independence and audit firm rotation. PCAOB. Retrieved from https://pcaobus.org/Rulemaking/Docket012/2011-06-30_Release_2011-006_Release_No_2011-006.pdf
Ross, S. A. (1977). The determination of financial structure: The incentive-signaling approach. Bell Journal of Economics, 8(1), 23-40. https://doi.org/10.2307/3003485
Seetharaman, A., Sohail, M. S., Saravanan, A. S., & Jantan, M. (2017). Cloud computing and financial reporting: A survey of the literature. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 95(2), 269-283. Retrieved from http://www.jatit.org/volumes/Vol95No2/8Vol95No2.pdf
Verrecchia, R. E. (2001). Essays on disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 32(1-3), 97-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(01)00025-7